会计制度变迁与会计信息质量——基于沪深A股上市公司1993-2011年的研究

以1993‐2011年沪深股市发行A股的所有上市公司为样本，对会计制度变迁各个阶段会计稳健性和会计信息价值相关性的变化进行实证研究，结果发现，会计制度变迁的第一阶段（1993‐1997年）和第二阶段（1998‐2000年）上市公司会计盈余不具有稳健性，会计制度变迁第三阶段（2001‐2006年）实施的更为积极的稳健会计政策的《企业会计制度》显著提升了上市公司会计盈余的稳健性，第四阶段（2007‐2011年）新《企业会计准则》公允价值的引入则显著降低了会计盈余的稳健性；其中，2001年《企业会计制度》和2007年的新《企业会计准则》这两次改革促使会计信息价值相关性大幅提升，改革效果显著。而从三大报表角度来看，利润表仍是投资者关注的重点，资产负债表和现金流量表的关注度有待提高，2007年新《企业会计准则》想要确立的资产负债表的核心地位的落实还尚需时日。

Accounting System Changes and the Quality of Accounting Information---An Empirical Study on Shenzhen and Shanghai A Shares of Listed Companies from 1993 to 2011

This paper selected A‐share listed companies of Shenzhen and Shanghai from 1993 to 2011 as samples for a study of the changes of earnings conservatism and value relevance of accounting information at four stages of the accounting system change .The listed companies under discussion shared no earnings conservatism at the first and second stages while they wit‐nessed significant improvement of earnings conservatism with implementation of the more conservative accounting policies at the third stage .The introduction of fair value to the new accounting standards for enterprises drastically decreased the earnings con‐servatism at the fourth stage .The value relevance of accounting information followed a rising trend in accounting system vicissi‐tude ,especially benefiting most from the Enterprise Accounting System of 2001 and the new Accounting Standards for Enter‐prises of 2007 .As far as the three major statements were concerned ,income statements remained the focus of investors’ atten‐tion while the statements of balance sheets and cash flows were somewhat neglected ,demanding proper attention .It is conclude that to establish the core position of balance sheets as is suggested by the new Accounting Standards for Enterprises of 2007 has a long way yet to go .