美国国家公园土地政策及其对中国不可移动文物土地问题的启示

在当下中国城镇化进程中,由于相较可移动文物而言,不可移动文物高度依附于土地而存在或以土地为物质载体,土地问题成为不可移动文物保护所面临的最大挑战。美国在建设国家公园过程中较早意识到土地之于其体系建设的重要性,其在用地配额、土地征收经费、原住民补偿与安置方面采取的不少具体措施均值得中国借鉴。

Revelation on land policies of National Park in USA and land problems on immovable cultural relics in China

In the process of current urbanization in China, as comparing with the movable cultural relics, immovable cultural relics attach to the existence of land highly or make the land as the material carrier, therefore the land problem become the biggest challenge that immovable cultural relics facing. The importance of land for the construction of system is perceived earlier in the process of National Park construction in USA, many concrete measures taken in the aspect of land quota, land acquisition funds, compensation and resettlement of aborigines are worthy of reference for China.