出生缺陷疾病经济负担估算的人口学模型构建

在分析出生缺陷疾病的经济负担时,由于疾病的特殊性(如发病早、可能持续终身、早期死亡比较常见、二胎补偿等),需要注意与以往估算一般疾病经济负担模型不同的几个问题。主要有:相对经济负担和绝对经济负担的区别、估算起始点的确定、参照人群的选择。综合特点和问题,构建出生缺陷疾病经济负担估算的人口学模型,利用生命表原理,考虑了相对一般人群的经济负担、估算起始点提前至胚胎期、考虑人生中家庭的投入和产出等因素,为出生缺陷疾病的终身经济负担估算提供思路。

Discussion on Estimation Model of Birth Defects Economic Burden and Cost-Benefit of Tertiary Prevention

The difference of burden estimation model between birth defects and other diseases should be paid more attention to.This is because the special characteristics of birth defects,such as incidence in early life,likelihood of living with defects in whole life,risk of dying in very early life and the second child born to reduce the family economic burden.We raised several items to refer when estimate birth defects' economic burden.They are,distinguishing the absolute and relative economic burden,calculating the costs since the beginning of mother's pregnancy,choosing the appropriate control population and making sure comparing the burden before and after intervention when cost and benefit analysis is applied.Then the model was constructed by means of life table with consideration of normal population as reference,pregnancy as start point and input and output estimation,which would provide information for future research.