基层建置城市建设的传承与变迁——晚清县级城市的维修与改扩建

维持城市正常运转的维修及推进城市发展的改扩建,是晚清城市建设的主要内容。中国社会开始启动从农业文明向工业文明的转型,同时清王朝的统治在严重的内外压力下走向崩溃,使晚清县级城市的维修和改扩建制度与实践,在多元势力引领下,保存旧机制同时逐步引入新机制,维持了绝大多数县级城市继续正常运转,又部分地开始出现不同程度的近代化。至清末新政进行正式体制改革后,县级城市改扩建全面归于西方近代模式,并逐步取代维修成为城市建设的最重要内容,对促进县级城市自身和整个城市体系向工业文明开始转型产生了深远影响。

The Continuation and Transition of Grass-root Urban Construction:The Maintenance, Reconstruction and Expansion of County-level Cities in Late Qing Dynasty

The main target of unban construction in the late Qing Dynasty is to safeguard the smooth operation and promote the reconstruction and expansion of cities.In the historic context of China's transition from agricultural civilization to industrial civilization as well as the Qing Dynasty being on the edge of collapse under both internal and external pressures,the institutions and practice of urban construction at the county level are characterized by the gradual introduction of new mechanism and the coexisten...