三孩政策背景下生育支持的多中心协同治理模式——基于生育配套政策试点项目的案例分析

为了给今后三孩生育政策的实施重点、战略方向和配套政策的制定提供理论与实践依据,通过湖北省咸宁市生育配套政策的试点,采用案例分析的研究方法,引入整体性治理理念,从政策主体、政策执行与政策绩效三要素出发,构建了生育支持政策的多中心协同治理模式。研究认为,咸宁市采取自上而下与自下而上相结合的社会化治理模式,宏观层面,政府提供资源和平台,为政策落实提供保障; 中观层面,社区提供公共服务促进家庭发展和社区稳定,用人单位提供生育便利支持家庭成员为企业创造价值; 微观层面,弘扬积极的生育文化和生育理念,提升家庭生育意愿,由此构建起政府主导、部门协同、全社会参与的生育支持体系。咸宁市生育配套政策项目试点工作提供的多中心协同治理模式,在推广中需要注重地方灵活性与时效性相结合,使生育配套政策符合当地的实际。

Multi-center collaborative governance model of fertility support under the background of three-child policy:based on the case analysis of the pilot project of fertility supporting policies

In order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the implementation focus and strategic direction of the government's three-child fertility policy in the future as well as the formulation of supporting policies, this study introduces the concept of holistic governance, analyzes the issue of fertility support in multiple dimensions and its causes from the three elements of policy subject, policy implementation and policy performance, and constructs a multi-center collaborative governance model of fertility support policies with the research method of case analysis and through the pilot of the fertility support policies in Xian'ning City of Hubei province. According to the research, Xianning City adopts a social governance model that combines top-down and bottom-up methods. At the macro level, the government provides resources and platforms to ensure the implementation of policies. At the meso level, the community provides public services to promote family development and community stability, and the employers provide fertility convenience to support family members to create value for the enterprise. At the micro level, we should promote a positive fertility culture and concept, and enhance the family's willingness to bear children, so as to build a fertility support system led by the government, coordinated by different sectors, and participated by the whole society. The multi-center coordinated governance model provided by the pilot work of Xianning fertility supporting policy project needs to focus on the combination of local flexibility and timeliness in its implementation, so as to make the fertility supporting policy conform to the local conditions.