劳动力非永续性转移的经济成因及其创新路径

遵循本文提出的城市生活能力分析框架，在转移成本不断减少的情况下，劳动力的即期城市生活能力不断增强，但在可持续性工资收入瓶颈、城市生活成本过高等成本收益的双重约束下，劳动力的长期城市生活能力很低，由此形成了当前中国特殊的“两栖”劳动力转移形式，但这显然不是中国劳动力转移的理想模式。为此，本文提出，劳动力的代际转移是一种可行的次优路径。当代劳动力“两栖”转移的长远意义在于，为其子女的代际转移提供非人力财富、人力资本和社会资本等多维的原始动力。同时，必须为代际转移的顺利实现辅以必要的政策支持，当务之急是为进城务工农民子女的率先市民化提供一揽子的政策举措。

The Cause of Labor Transfer and A Creative Way Suggested

This paper proposes a framework to analyze urban living capabilities and argues that， with the reduced costs of labor transfer， the urban living capabilities of the workers in the labor force have been steadily improved. However， the dual pressure of the bottlenecked sustainable wages and high costs for a city life have brought down the workers’ urban living capabilities to a very low level， resulting in a dual mode of labor transfer， a form unique to China but apparently not ideal for the Chinese labor force shifts. The paper thereby suggests a new way of intergenerational mobility as a plausible solution， a form only second to the best. The long term benefits of the current generations’ dual transfer are in its possibility to provide their children with multiple initiative resources （non human wealth， human and social capitals） for their intergenerational mobility. In addition， the current generations must obtain policy support for successful intergenerational mobility to occur. The urgent task at present is to offer policies to help the children of the peasant workers in cities establish citizenship.