从制度伦理的发展看道德主体人格的成长

制度作为人类设计的制约人们相互行为的约束条件,是人类在共同体生活中博弈的内在规则。制度伦理从根本上说是为人的道德性存在立法。传统社会封建皇权制度下道德强调的是个人的依附性,个人权利缺位,是外在强加的形式化的道德;近现代工业文明背景下的制度伦理中个人主体性加强,但市场经济中"理性经济人"假设彰显的是"工具理性"和"个人理性",必然带来"价值理性"的退隐,引起个人与社会的冲突;当代社会公共领域扩大,在"政治国家"、"公民社会组织"、"市场"、"公民个人"四种力量博弈均衡之下的制度伦理,是个人发挥道德权利参与建构生成的,这种制度伦理作为新的道德规制范型,才是真实合理的实质化的道德。

On the Development of Ethic Subjective Character from the Perspective of System Ethics

As an artificial restraint of man's conducts,system serves as a subconscious rule.System ethics is basically law for man's ethics.Ethics in feudal society of China stresses dependence of individuals on groups which ignores private right.System ethics in modern industrial society attaches greater importance to individualism but the disappearance of value rationality caused by rational economists in market economy results in conflicts between individuals and society.As a new moral norm,system ethics in current society is predicated on private right and participation and,thus,is essentially a reasonable ethics because the four powers of political state,citizen society,market and individual citizen are properly balanced in the public field of society.