机会平等、公平竞争与共同富裕

动态地看,社会公平分为保证经济运行和社会生活起点平等的机会均等、保证过程公平的公平竞争以及结果的公平分配。相应地,保证这些公平实现的制度体系也分为以宪法为中心的基础性政治经济制度,它提供经济和政治权利安排的公平,即机会均等;市场经济的制度安排,它提供公平竞争;以再分配为核心的社会保障制度安排,它提供结果分配的公正。小康社会不仅应该是一个富裕的社会,而且应该是一个共同富裕、全面富裕的社会,即是一个效率和公平的真正统一的社会。公有制与市场经济的有机结合才能真正做到这一点。

Equal Opportunity, Impartial Competence and Common Well-off

Through dynamical analysis, we see social impartiality consisting of equal opportunity guaranteeing the operation of economy and the equal starting point of social living, and impartial competence guaranteeing the process equality and impartial distribution of the result. Respectively, institutional system ensuring the above impartialness can be divided into the basic constitution - centered politocal economical regulations creating equal power arrangement in economical regulations supplying impartial competence, and the redistribution-centered social ensuring regulations permitting the fairness of distribution. A comfortable society should be not only well-off, but also common and overall well-off, which is called a society with genuine unity of efficiency and impartiality. The organic integration of public ownership and market economy can help reach that social impartiality.