从权利的角度解读宪政的基本要义

宪政涉及三个方面,即价值目标、元规则和行政过程。价值目标是对人的基本权利的确认,它作为宪政的实质性要求是政治合法性问题。元规则通过基本的法律规则和制度设计为基本权利的实现提供了可能性,是基本权利的外化形式和实现方式。对于元规则而言,正义性、稳定性、有效性和可操作性是基本要求。但是符合这些要求的元规则仍然无法保证法律权利转化为人们实际拥有的实然权利。实然权利的获得与政府的行政过程密切相关,其核心问题是政府的行政过程是否能够遵循法治原则,并且被有效地监督和制约。

COMPREHENDING BASIC MEANING OF CONSTITUTIONALISM FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF RIGHT

Constitutionalism means value target,meta rules and process of government.Value target confirms fundamental right and legitimacy. Meta rules provide possibility to realize the right of human being through law and institutional system.Meta rules which have the properties of justice,steadiness,effect and operationalness can not necessarily transform the legal right to actual right.Realization of right,which is the basic meaning of constitutionalism,is crucially effected by the government's rule of law and is whether the political power can be checked by people.