传统存在论的确立及其现代发展

“存在”是西方几千年来形而上学的核心概念。文章首先追溯存在的词源，并且阐述由巴门尼德所开创，由柏拉图和亚里士多德所确立的西方传统存在论。这一传统的根本确立，就意味着他们区分了超感性世界与感性世界，认为真理只属于超感性世界。随着近代认识论的转向，思维与存在的统一问题成为了中心问题，传统存在论问题在现代发展中也陷入了危机。从笛卡尔到康德，存在思想不断变化，逐渐被主体所同化，并且被黑格尔最终完成。文章最后将阐述现代西方哲学中海德格尔对传统存在论所进行的彻底批判。

The Establishment and Modern Development of Traditional Ontology

＂ Being ＂ is the core concept in western metaphysics in thousands of years. This paper traces in the first the etymology of being concept, and expounds western traditional ontology pioneered by parmenides, established by Plato and Aristotle. The fundamental establishment of this tradition, means that they have to distinguish the ultra perceptual world and the perceptual world, and think truth only belongs to the perceptual world. Along with turning to the modern epistemology, the unity problem of thought and Being becames the central issue, and traditional ontology problem is deep in crisis in the modern development. From Descartes to Kant, thought of being was changed, gradually was assimilated by subject, and was completed by Hegel. At the end the paper will explain critiques of Heidegger on the traditional ontology thoroughly in the modern western philosophy.