历史哲学的可能性及其理论建构——基于哲学与历史学学科属性的对比

哲学与历史学之间的差异表现为：哲学凭借概念展开推理,在它的叙述过程中,实例和说明并不占有重要的地位;历史学侧重于重现过去的历史事件,具体历史事件的发生、发展和消亡的过程在它的叙述中占有本质重要的地位。由于哲学和历史学之间的差异,哲学家和历史学家总是相互攻讦,哲学家认为历史学过于重视具体的历史事件而忽视理性,历史学家认为哲学把自己的发明和先天的虚构放在了历史当中。但是他们都不否认哲学与历史学之间存在互补关系,并在此基础上出现了二者融合的观点。克罗齐主张哲学与历史学的融合,但认为历史哲学不能成立,这种观点具有片面性,历史哲学不仅可能而且具有内在的结构。

The Possibility and Theoretical Construction of Philosophy of History-A Comparison Based on Disciplinary Features of Philosophy and History

Philosophy differs from history in that the former reasons on concept,and in narration,examples and explanations are not important,whereas history focuses on the representation of past events that the beginning,development and disappearing of veritable historical events are important in narration. Because of their differences,they always attack each other：philosophers think historians give too much attention to specific historical events and ignore the logos,while historians consider philosophers put their own invention and apriori creation into history. However,they do not deny that there is a complementary relationship between philosophy and history,and that the two disciplines can be converged （an idea represented by Croce）. Croce insists on the convergence of philosophy and history,but he rejects the establishment of philosophy of history. This viewpoint is one-sided and the philosophy of history is not only possible but also has internal structure.