美国竞争政策:一种纵向的透视

竞争政策是市场经济下政府干预和规范企业市场行为的重要工具之一，它属于法律化了的经济政策。这种政策肇始于美国，并且在美国得到持续而广泛的实施。本文纵向考察了美国100年来竞争政策体系的形成、完善及其实践，探讨了三个层次的问题：（1）竞争政策法律体系的形成与完善；（2）美国竞争政策运作的特点；（3）竞争政策实施与宏观经济政治环境变化之间的联系。

American Policy of Competition: a Historical Perspective

The policy of competition is one of the important measures taken by governments to intervene or regulate companies' market behavior in a market economy. The policy, originated in the US, has been in effect for a long time. The present paper examines the evolution and perfection of this policy in the past 100 years, and focuses on three major issues: (1) the evolution and perfection of the legal system for the policy of competition; (2) characteristic features of the functioning of American policy of competition; (3) relations between the implementation of the policy of competition and the changes of macro\|economic and political environment.