论认知隐喻观的理论阐释力

人类对隐喻的研究经历了一个漫长的历史阶段,隐喻理论的解释范围不断扩大。从古希腊的修辞观到对语言本体进行解释的语法隐喻以及语法化研究,从语言和思维相结合的概念隐喻到完全彻底的认知隐喻观,所有这些都对隐喻的研究做出了重大贡献。但一直以来在这些研究的背后,缺乏一种具有统一解释力的理论,即共性。从认知的角度出发我们可以发现,认知域之间的叠加和互动是各类隐喻最基本的工作原理,是隐喻的基本思维方式,是隐喻的共性;另一方面,隐喻的内容又是因民族和文化的不同而有所差异,这是隐喻的个性。

Theoretical Power of Cognitive View on Metaphor

Human being's study on metaphor has gone through a long historical period.The investigation scope of metaphorical theory has been enlarged constantly.The major theories within this period include ancient Greek's rhetorical theory,the contemporary ontological study of grammatical metaphor and grammaticalization,the conceptual metaphor theory and the cognitive theory.All these have contributed a lot to the development of metaphorical study.But although this is the case,we still need to specify the commonality behind all these theories.In this article,the writer points out that the commonality lies in the interaction and overlap between the different cognitive domains.On the other hand,the content of metaphor is greatly affected by different cultures.That is the metaphorical specificity.