新疆农业用水效率及影响因素分析

农业是用水大户，农业用水效率的提高是水资源可持续利用的关键。文章选取人均用水量、农业用水量和农业用水比例最高的新疆作为研究对象，采用随机前沿生产函数法测算了新疆的农业用水效率：新疆平均农业用水效率仅为0．35；不同地州的农业用水效率差异也很大，最高达到0．84，最低仅为0．03。通过Tobit模型对影响农业用水效率的因素进行分析后认为调整农业种植结构、增加农业水利设施投入、采用节水技术等措施可以提高农业用水效率。

Agricultural Water Use Efficiency and Influencing Factors in Xinjiang

Agriculture consumes large quantities of water, and to raise its use efficiency is therefore thekey to the sustainable use of water resources. This paper, in terms of per capita water use, agriculturalwater use, proportion of agricultural water use, measures the agricultural water use efficiency in Xinjiang byapplying the stochastic frontier production function method. The results showed that： the average ratio ofagricultural water efficiency is only 0.35; the agricultural water use efficiency varies widely across differentareas, 0.84 being the highest and 0.03 being the lowest. Analyzing the factors affecting agricultural waterefficiency by using the Tobit model, this paper held that the agricultural water efficiency can be improvedby adjusting the agricultural planting structure, increasing investment in agriculture and irrigation facilities,and adopting the water-saving technologies and other measures.