论人文主义在美国高校英文系的嬗变———对于英语文学的一种体制研究简

人文主义始终是美国高校英文系的立系之本。然而，面对资本主义经济和政治力量的干预，为获得高校体制内的生存空间，在实际运作中，英文系却必须在一定程度上牺牲人文主义的理念，这构成英文系内部的一个主要矛盾。这一矛盾深刻影响了英文系的文学教育和研究，是英文系诸多文化和学术现象发生的根源。通过梳理人文主义在美国高校英文系的历史嬗变，重点分析了作为一种体制的英文系对于英语文学研究所产生的深刻影响，同时揭示了美国社会的经济和政治因素透过英文系对英语文学研究发挥间接而隐秘作用的基本原理。

On the Change of Humanism at the Schools of English in America： An Institution Study of English Literature

Humanism is the cornerstone of the Schools of English in America. However, as a result of the interference of the economic and political forces of capitalism, humanistic ideals are to some extent marginalized there to survive the pressures facing them. Therefore, the conflict between humanistic ideals and their actual operations is the principal contradiction, which profoundly influences their English literature teaching and research and results in various and varied cultural and academic phenomena. This essay demonstrates the change of humanism at the Schools of English there and analyzes the profound influence that change has exerted on the research of English literature as an instituion. Meanwhile, it explores how the the economic and political forces in American society interfere with the research of English literature at the Shools of English in their institutions of higher learning.