宋代年谱的本义阐释

年谱在宋代兴起不是偶然的,除了史学的发达,文学的繁荣,崇尚家学、尊师重道的社会风气外,更为重要的是孟子所倡“知人论世”的批评方法在宋代受到重视.年谱具有重要的史料价值,它不仅为了解谱主的生平事迹提供丰富的资料,更可贵的是还提供许多与谱主有关的其他人的信息.宋人编辑、注释名家文集,多从作品的编年入手,并进而考求作者的进退出处及时事变化,从而使“以谱证人”的写作方法在所必行.

The Original Interpretation of Chronological Biography of Song Dynasty

The rise of chronological biography in the Song dynasty was no accident.There were many reasons: the development in historiography,the prosperity of literature,the advocating of family study,the social surrounding of honoring teacher and respecting truth,etc.,and more importantly,the appraising approach——"understanding human beings and reflecting on society"——,initiated by Mencius,was regarded highly at the time.Chronological biography has important historical value,for it provides not only wealthy information to understand the host’s life story,but also more valuable information about other people relative to the host.Scholars in Song dynasty,when editing and annotating famous collections,usually began with annalistic compiling of the works,and then verified the author’s change in political and social position as well as the social and cultural background of his works,which resulted in the inevitability of the writing method,to define the person with chronological biography.