不动产征收客体之反思——以不动产债权征收为分析对象

现行立法对不动产征收客体的界定呈现出偏狭的面相.承认债权之不动产征收客体的法律地位不仅具有理论的正当性和现实的必要性,而且也是传统不动产征收向现代不动产征收转变的应然诉求.对不动产债权征收补偿,应确立普通债权与特殊债权补偿的二元范式.不动产征收人应对特殊不动产债权人遭受的预期利益和其他合法权益损失给予补偿,而普通不动产债权人遭受的利益损失应由债权人与债务人依《合同法》第117条或公平原则处理.将来不动产统一征收立法应纠正传统不动产征收客体之缺漏和偏狭的弊端,积极回应现实诉求和顺应现代不动产征收的世界发展趋势,对不动产债权征收作出科学的制度设计.

An Argument over the Object of Immovable Property Levy——Taking Real Estate Debt Levy as Analysis Object

Existing legislation defines the object of immovable property levy with insularity.To recognize the legal status of the object of immovable property levy of claims is theoretically legitimate and practically necessary.It also reflects the inevitable demands in the transition from traditional immovable property levy into the modern one.General and specific claim compensating modes should be established to redeem realty claim levy.Immovable property levier should compensate the loss of expected benefits,other legitimate rights and interests undergone by special realty creditors;while the loss undergone by general real property creditors should be dealt with by creditors and debtors in accordance with article 117 in Contract Law or with fairness principle.In future legislation of unified realty collection,disadvantages,gaps and insularity should be rectified to positively meet practical demands,to conform to the global trend of the development of realty levy in modern times,and to scientifically design the relevant system.