市民社会的雏形--中世纪欧洲城市与市民阶层的历史作用

中世纪欧洲的城市和市民阶层在封建主义政治秩序的框架内悄然生长,其微弱但坚定的推进步伐逐渐撼动了欧洲封建制度的基石,为近代资本主义国家的兴起铺平了道路,它们在世界历史长河中的作用不容忽视。西欧城市从中世纪中期开始兴起,它们逐渐与王权达成了充分的合作基础,市民阶层展开了积极的政治参与,对封建制度进行挑战,推动近代君主专制的涌现。

Embryo of Civil Society--Historical Roles of Medieval European Cities and Bourgeoisie

European cities,together with the urban bourgeoisie class,developed quietly within the Medieval feudalist framework.Their faint but steady steps gradually toppled down the foundation of the European feudalist structure,and hardened the way for the rising of modern capitalist nations, the influence of which on the world history should never be overlooked.Emerging in the High Middle Ages,cities in Western Europe soon found the bases to fully cooperate with the monarchs.With the active participation in politics both as individuals and as a whole class,bourgeoisie frequently challenged the feudalist systems,and as a result,autocratic monarchy appeared.