世俗人生:儒家经典生活的窘境与晚明士人社会角色的转化

传统儒家基于“志于道”的终极理念而确立起的士人经典化的生活模式 ,在晚明社会的变迁中陷入了极大的窘境之中。“贫”、“穷”、“抑”成为晚明士人最为重要的生存困惑与社会呼声。晚明士人也于这种生存压力与商品经济发展的促动下 ,走上了世俗化的生存道路 ,开始了由“道德人”向“世俗人”社会角色的转化。这种转化虽不可避免地带来了许多消极影响 ,但同时也潜在地促动了“士”与社会之间的交融与互动 ,拓展了其通过社会而存在的能力。

Secular Life: the Predicament of Confucian Classics Way of Life and the Transformation of Intellectual Social Role in Late Ming Time

The classics way of life based on the Confucian existence theories was in an awkward predicament following the social transition in late Ming time. Under the pressure of existence and the promotion of development of commodity economy, the intellectual walked to the way of secular life and began the transformation of social role form a "moral man" to a "social man". That brought about a lot of bad influence to the existence and development of intellectual. But, at the same time, that also strengthened the blending and interdependence between intellectual and society, opened up the intellectual abilities that existed through the society.