苗族“古老话”的法律文化价值探析

苗族“古老话”是研究苗族习惯法的一部“百科全书”，它记载了苗族习惯法的法律主体对公平正义的运用，从内容到形式、从意识到效果都体现了一个古老民族对法律文化的创造。它不仅与中国传统法律文化的主导性价值取向一致，而且创造了亦歌亦法的法律文化自觉的民间方法，传播了一种法律生态化的信息。苗族“古老话”对于中华法文化的价值和贡献在于：首先，在原生态的法律文化价值创造方面，它是我国武陵山区苗族古代习惯法的传承手段和文本载体；其次，在法社会学科学思想的弘扬方面，它是苗族社会土地制度、婚姻制度和解决内部纠纷的最权威的法律依据和裁决标准；再次，从法哲学科学思想的弘扬方面看，它是朴素哲学思想的表露，它反映苗族“事物生成共源根”的生存哲学智慧，是完整而独立的苗族朴素唯物主义思想的重要组成部分。

On the Value of Legal Culture of “Gulaohua”（Ancient Ethic Poems）of the Miao People

“Gulaohua”（ancient ethic poems）is an encyclopedia to study the convention of the Miao people.It contains the application of the legal subject of the Miao convention in fairness and justice,representing the legal creation of an ancient nation on the aspects of content,form,consciousness,and effect.In consistency with the leading value orientation of traditional Chinese legal culture,it also creates a folk way to conscious legal culture in the forms of poems and laws and spreads the information of legal ecology.The contribution of “Gulaohua” to Chinese legal culture lies in the following aspects:firstly,it is the text carrier and the means of succeeding the ancient convention of the Miao people in Wuling Mountain areas;secondly,it is the most authoritative legal basis and criterion to solve problems in land system,marriage system,and internal conflicts of the Miao people;thirdly,it contains simple philosophical idea,reflecting the existence philosophy of the Miao people that everything is derived from the same origin and making an important part of the complete and independent simple Materialism of the Miao people.