从"政府企业家"到"市场企业家"——新常态下西部地区创新发展的策略转变

在中国经济高速增长的过程中,虽然各区域之间的差距始终存在,但缺乏内生动力的西部地区却并未陷入恶性循环,同样保持了较为快速的经济发展.由于市场中具备企业家精神的人才流失,长期以来,西部地区地方政府如企业家般直接干预经济,并依靠自身的企业家精神为区域经济发展引入大项目创新,实现了区域经济持续增长.然而在经济发展新常态下,这种经济发展策略由于政府可调配资源日益匮乏而逐渐失效;通过制度创新激发区域内市场中的企业家精神,从而实现大、中、小规模创新的协同发展,成为西部地区创新发展的策略选择.西部地区地方政府应科学制定发展目标,积极转变职能,通过制度创新更好地让市场发挥资源配置的决定性作用,从而有效激发出区域内的企业家精神.

From'Government Entrepreneur'to'Market Entrepreneur'-The Change of the Innovation and Development Strategy in Western China under the New Normalcy of the Economy

In the process of China's rapid growth,the gap between the East and the West always exists,but the West which lacks of endogenous growth power is not caught in a vicious cycle,and maintains a relatively rapid development.Because of the runoff of talents with entrepreneurship in the market,the local governments in the West have been directly interfering with the economy as an entrepreneur for a long time,and they have introduced main projects to regional economies relying on their entrepreneurships to have realized sustainable economic growth in the West.While in the New Normal,this economic development strategy is facing challenges because the local governments can allocate few resources.On the contrary,institutional innovation,which can motivate the cooperative development of innovations of various scales in the market,will become an alternative strategy compatible with the New Normal.The local governments in the West should scientifically make development objective,actively change the duty,and use the institutional innovation to let the market play the decisive role in resources allocation so as to effectively motivate the entrepreneurship in the West.