双重危机冲击下的国有企业效率实证分析

目前,国有企业改革已进入关键时期,面对外部国际贸易环境恶化所致的外贸需求下滑和内部产能严重过剩双重危机的压力,如何保持和提高国有企业的效率成为学术界关注的焦点。采用Malmquist生产率指数方法和面板数据计量分析方法研究中国国有工业企业的效率问题。结果表明:第一,双重危机导致的企业流动资金短缺与资源配置效率下降是企业生产经营绩效下降和全国规模以上工业企业生产率水平下降主要因素;第二,国有工业企业和私营工业企业在经营绩效上存在差异的主要因素是资源配置效率变化率;第三,私营企业受危机的影响比国有企业严重得多。国有企业改革的关键是提高资源配置效率。

An Empirical Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Competitiveness of State- owned Enterprises Based on the Double Crisis

At present, the state- owned enterprise reform has entered the key period, so policy recommendations in this problem become the focus of the academic concern. This paper applied the Malmquist index method and productivity panel data measurement to analysis the mutual relationship with some of Chinese industrial enterprises ownership of enterprise nature and the economic benefits . The results show that： First, because the allocative efficiency of resources drop caused the national industrial enterprises above designated size productivity levels falling. Second, caused by liquidity shortages and the allocative efficiency of resources drop by the world financial crisis is two influence factors in order to enterprise production and management performance reducing. Third, the change rate of allocative resources efficiency is mainly factor influencing operating performance differences of the state -- owned industrial enterprises and private industrial enterprises. Finally, the influence of the private enterprise by the financial crisis is much more serious than state--owned enterprises.