探寻真实的存在与存在的真实——王阳明心学视域下的静定、立诚与格心

王阳明为了探寻真实的存在与存在的真实,曾经尝试过各种各样的体证工夫和施教方法.静坐即是他继"知行合一"学说之后,针对学者实存状况提出的一种证道入手工夫.静定工夫既需要"事上磨练"即社会人生的具体实践作补充,但其本身也可在默一澄心与省察克治等诸多方面同时双管齐下,以达到扫除私欲,直契形上本体的目的.为了使自己的立论更有经典的权威依据,王阳明还重新诠释了<大学>的有关章句或辞语,认为诚意乃是"圣门教人用功第一义",并将颇有认识论特点的向外格物逆转为更具道德形上学意义的向内"正心".无论是深入心性本源寻找生命成长的主观动因,或是依据经典重新诠释以求客观印证,他最终的理想都是亲证亲历形上道德理境,使每一个体及人类整体的生命获得真实可靠的永久安顿.

Search for the Being of Reality and the Reality of Existence

In order to find out the being of reality and the reality of existence, Wang Yang - ming made various attempts to describe the sense of grasping the essence and the method for education. "To sit quietly "is a method to learn truth by aiming at the learned man in an existence situation. Tranquility requires social practice as a supplement to either purify the souls or examine ones own thinking, so as to clear away ones selfish desires. As a result, it can conform to the objective of the noumena of metaphysics. To define his view about Confucianism , Wang took a make - up explanatory note on Da Xue for some chapters and dictions for he considered that sincerity is the first main point to educate people diligently and is the main idea of Confucius. To substitute more in metaphysics meaning to rectify ones mind from subjective word and to study the world in order to gain knowledge , to take root in the inner human nature for the search of the subjective initiative of the life growth, and to make up for an explanation according to Confucianism so as to gain objective proof, he put his last lofty ideal to observe and learn from the metaphysical world personally and make the human life settle in forever as a whole trustworthy gain.