从结构单元为起点的社会结构分析方法

社会结构分析应立足于结构的基本形态和结构中要素间关系的规则;为摆脱传统的等级制结构观,社会结构分析可以具有独立性的结构单元以及构成结构单元的结构变量为起点;这两者在情境中的灵活转换,使得对于个体而言,结构同时具有制约性和使动性.

The Method of Analysing the Social Structure With Structural Unit as Starting Point

Focused on the theme of "howto analyze social structure on a background of modernity", the paper discusses three basic topics: the conception, the extension, and the characters of social structure, with the intention of expanding structural- functionalism research method. The author holds such an opinion as follows: social structure contains two aspects, "the form of basic relationship within the structure" and "the rule of howelements in the struc- ture contact with each other".The paper argues that social relationship in real life is, instead of structure itself, the ma- terial transformation of structure. It also suggests that the study of structure in the field of sociology should somewhat shake off former hierarchical understandings. Accordingly, independent structural units and "structural variables" which constitute the units maybe treated as a startingpoint ofthe study. The flexible transformation ofstructural units and "structural variables" makes social structure have both conditionalityand motility.