晚清地方政府社会管理职能的变迁——以重庆消防管理为视角

晚清地方政府社会管理职能经历了从一体管理到合作管理,再到专职管理的变迁,这两次转变过程反映了地方政府在社会管理中扮演领导者的角色,有不可替代性;亦反映了从传统社会向现代社会过渡中地方政府自身存在的矛盾性与不平衡性。从政府管理职能角度来探讨传统社会现代化变迁的研究较为薄弱,而其中鲜以个案城市为切入点。以重庆消防管理为视角研究晚清地方政府社会管理职能的变迁,可以从一个侧面反映出中国社会从传统到现代的艰难转型历程。

The Change of Local Government Social Management Functions in Late Qing Dynasty——From the Perspective of Fire Fighting Management in Chongqing

Local government social management functions in late Qing dynasty underwent changes from integrated management through cooperative management to professional management. This reflected the leadership of local government in the transformation process. It also reflected the contradiction and imbalance of local government in its transition from traditional to modern society. Researches which explore social modernization from the angle of government management functions are comparative rare, with few case studies of particular cities. In view of studies carried out on local government social management functions in late Qing dynasty form the perspective of Chongqing fire management, we can perceive the trials and tribulations undergone by Chinese society in the modernization process.