Interviewing Older Adults: A Comparison of Telephone and Face-to-Face Modalities |
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| Authors: | HERZOG A REGULA; RODGERS WILLARD L; KULKA RICHARD A |
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| Institution: | A. Regula Herzog is Assistant Research Scientist at the Institute for Social Research and the Institute of Gerontology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Willard L. Rodgers is Associate Research Scientist at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Richard A. Kulka is Senior Survey Methodologist at Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. This article is a revised and abbreviated version of three papers presented atthe 33rd Annual Meeting of the Gerontological Society, San Diego, November 1980. This research was supported by USPHS Grant No. AGO2038 from the National Institute on Aging. The authors wish to thank Lynn Dielman and Mary Grace Moore for able research assistance; Charles Cannell, Philip Converse, Richard Curtin, Robert Groves, Robert Kahn, and the late Angus Campbell for data from several unreleased surveys; and Charles Cannell, Robert Groves, and Berit Ingersoll for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. |
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| Abstract: | This article examines telephone interviewing of older adultsand compares it with face-to-face interviews. Specifically,the following issues are examined in several national surveys:(1) differences in age distributions between the samples ofadults reached in both modes; (2) explanations for potentialdifferences in age distributions; (3) differences between thetwo modes in demographic characteristics in the adults reached,in interview process and in response quality, and how thesemode differences vary by age of the respondents. Telephone surveystend to underrepresent older persons, and older persons whodo participate in a telephone survey are disproportion atelywell educated. Implications of the lower response rate amongolder persons are softened by the fact that reponse distributionsacross a range of questions show little difference by interviewmode between older persons and persons of other age groups. |
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