王阳明“良知”与康德“自由意志”比较

王阳明和康德分别以“良知”和“自由意志”为核心建立起先验道德哲学。“良知”和“自由意志”既有相似性，又有不同处。两者都具有自律性、先验性；都认为意念是善恶的根源；都具有批判精神。两者所涵盖的范围、建立的哲学前提、实现的条件有不同处。中西哲学具有融通互补的可能性和必要性，为摆脱当前道德危机以及建构普世伦理提供了丰富的思想资源。

Comparison of WANG Yang-ming's "Innate Knowledge" and Kant's "Free Will"

Chinese moral philosophy,Kant and WANG Yang-ming respectively build the reason ethic and virtue ethic by the center of innate knowledge and free will.There are similarities and differences between innate knowledge and free will.They have self-discipline and transcendentalism.They both have the idea of good and evil and critical spirit.They have different scopes,different premises of philosophy,and different conditions.There are possibility and necessity of fusion and complement between Chinese and non-Chinese philosophies,which can give enlightenments for people to get rid of the present moral crisis and establish world ethic.