家庭变迁、家庭政策演进与中国家庭政策构建

从中国家庭变迁和中国家庭政策演进两个方面，以西方发达国家和中国为视角，对中国自20世纪80年代起至今30多年来家庭政策研究进行梳理、总结和分析，提出构建中国家庭政策的建议。中国家庭呈现出核心、主干、联合家庭此消彼长、波动往复的变迁特点，“家本位”价值观占主导地位；同时中国现有家庭政策体现出概念范围宽泛、目标指向含蓄、补救型模式的三大主要特征，也表现出“家庭主义”、“去家庭化”和两者平衡的三阶段演进历程。未来中国家庭政策的构建要围绕中国家庭的两大特点———稳健的“主干家庭”和绵延的“家本位”价值观念，以平衡的发展型家庭政策为取向，向政策概念范围精准、目标指向明确、系统普惠型模式的方向发展。

Family Changes,Family Policy Evolution and Family Policy Formation for China

This paper reviews and summarizes the research of family policy in China over the last thirty years, so as to propose constructive suggestions for China’ s current and future family policy formation. The analyses are conducted in two areas, family change and family policy evolution, with a comparative perspective of China and the western developed countries. The paper reveals that the Chinese family has been characterized by the dynamic shift and fluctuation among nuclear, stem and joint families, and dominated by a traditional “family?centered” value. In addition, the paper summarized that the current Chinese family policy has evolved three main stages: familialism, de?familialism and a balance between the previous two, presenting a pattern of three major policy characteristics, broadly defined, vaguely directed and targeted, and remedied towards vulnerable families. The paper proposes that future family policy formation for China should be developed with a suitable balance of familialism and de?familialism, and adequate attention of the steady development of stem family and continuous family?centered value, so as to form a family policy system which is precisely defined, explicitly directed and targeted, and universally benefited.