元代地方立法问题研究

元朝地方立法体现出中国古代地方立法的一般特征和元朝自身的时代特征。在元朝国家治理中，地方核心机构是行省，中央中枢机构是中书省，两者成为地方与中央所有行政、立法和司法工作的中心。元朝地方立法受制于这种国家权力结构。地方上行省成为地方立法的中心，中央中书省成为立法的中心。行省之下设有道、路、府、州、司县等地方五级行政机构，其中道、路成为地方立法中最活跃的主体，承担着地方大量立法，府、州、司县主要是提出立法动议和法律草案。当然，同时拥有本辖区内立法的权力。此外，元朝地方立法中还有军事管理机构——枢密院的行院及相关机构和御史台的派出机构——行台及监察御史等。元朝地方立法主体可以分为机构与官员两类，从立法程序上看，有本级机构制定生效与报请上级立法机构审查裁定后生效两类。元朝地方立法体系体现出元朝立法上中央的统一性与地方的分散性等特点。

A Study on the Local Legislation in the Yuan Dynasty

The legislation in the Yuan Dynasty reflects the general characteristics of the local legislation of ancient China and the time characteristics of the Yuan province（ 行省 ）, the Central institution is the Dynasty. The core local institutions in the national governance is the central province（ 中书省 ）- Both of the local and Central Governments are work center concerning administrative, judicial and legislative work in the Yuan Dynasty. The local legislation is subject to the national power structure. It has five administrative bodies under the province to undertake the local legislations. In addition, it has the agency of the privy council and the highest monitoring body in the local legislation of the Yuan Dynasty. The mail body of local legislative can be divided into the institutions and officers. With respect to the legislative procedure, law and regulations made by the organizations at the corresponding level can take effect or they will come into force when they are reviewed and judged by the superior legislative organization. The local legislative system reflects the characteristics of the central unity and local dispersion in the Yuan dynasty.