论宪法修正案对私有财产权保障制度的完善及其意义

私有财产权是保障人权、建设法治的基石,又是促进经济繁荣的不可或缺的工具。因此私有财产权保障构成了近代以来世界各国宪法的核心内容之一。随着我国经济的发展,公民拥有的私人财产普遍有了不同程度的增加,尤其是非公有制经济的发展使越来越多的公民有了私人的生产资料,宪法第13条的规定已经不能满足群众保护私有财产的迫切要求。在此背景下,新宪法修正案进一步完善了私有财产权保障制度:明确了私有财产权是公民的一项基本权利,确定了私有财产不受侵犯的基本原则;重申了私有财产权的内容及界限应当符合法律;增加了征收补偿条款,从而形成了由保障条款、限制条款和征收补偿条款构成的较为完善的私有财产权宪法保障体系。

On the Improvement of Safeguarding Institution Concerning Private Property Right of the Constitutional Amendment and the Corresponding Significance

The private property right is not only the base of human rights and the rule of law, but also the tool to promote the economic prosperity. The protection of private property right constitutes one of the core contents of the constitution. Because of the economic development in our country, the citizen's private property has been increasing. especially the development of the non-publicly-owned economy makes more and more people own personal means of production. The provision of the 13th clause of the Constitution can't meet the needs that the citizens claim to protect their private property by law. Under this background, the new Constitutional Amendment, which was adopted on March 14, 2004, further improved the safeguarding system of private property right: it identities the private property right as one of the citizen's constitutional rights; defines the inviolability of private property; reiterates that the content and the bound of private property right should be in conformity with the law; adds the compensation clause of expropriation. The new Constitutional Amendment has developed the constitutional safeguarding system of private property right that is now composed of safeguard clause, qualifying clause and the compensation clause of expropriation.