对我国“犯罪既遂标准说”的反思——“犯罪对象侵害说”之倡导

"构成要件齐备说"作为犯罪既遂的认定标准存在重大缺陷。王志祥教授、徐光华博士为"构成要件齐备说"所进行的辩护难以奏效。学界对"犯罪目的实现说"、"犯罪结果发生说"还存在着重大误读。新近出现的"类型化标准说"提倡不同的犯罪类型适用不同的既遂标准,其旨在增强犯罪既遂标准理论的实践功效。可是,该学说不仅未跳出"构成要件齐备说"的藩篱,而且又制造了一些新的"麻烦"。当下的"犯罪既遂标准说"存有"立场错误"、"操作性差"等方面的问题,需要我们构建新的"犯罪既遂标准说"———"犯罪对象侵害说"。

Reflections on the Theory of Accomplished Offense Criterion

"The presence of all constitutive elements of a crime" has important defects in serving as the identification criteria of accomplished offense.The defense provided by Professor Wang Zhi-xiang and Doctor Xu Guang-hua fails to be effective.The two doctrines of the realization of criminal intent and the occurrence of criminal consequence have been misunderstood.Recently,to increase the practical effects of accomplished offense criterion,differentiated standards according to category have been developed,which provide no progress and create new problems at the same time.Accomplished offense criterion has many drawbacks such as improper standpoint and lack of effectiveness in practice."Theory of infringement of criminal object" is the solution.