技术壁垒与贸易保护

乌拉圭回合之后,技术壁垒取代关税壁垒成为主要的贸易保护方式,但是技术壁垒并不完全对等于贸易保护,技术壁垒的存在也有其合理的成分。我们从技术壁垒的生成动机出发,将技术壁垒按照技术差异、消除外部性和纯保护性这三种动机划分为三类以区分技术壁垒与贸易保护这两个不同的概念,前两点所探讨的技术壁垒就存在其合理性,是应该被接纳和认可的,我们必须以正确的态度去对待这类技术壁垒;而对于后者,就是一种变相的贸易保护,应当援引国际法维护自身利益。

Technical Barriers and Trade Protection

After Uruguay round,technical barriers have become a major form for trade protection,replacing tariff barriers.However,technical barriers are not quite equal to trade protection,for it exists as it should be.In the view of origins of technical barriers,we can identify the two concepts----technical barrier and trade protection in three aspects technical difference,externality and sole protectionism;the first two aspects which we should take for granted and adopt a correct attitude to treat,the last aspect a variant of trade protection by which we should safeguard our interests.