长城资源调查对于北魏长城及六镇镇戍遗址的新认识

北魏六镇长城南线、北线两条长城墙体,均总体呈东北-西南向蜿蜒分布于乌兰察布草原,于中部地段有短暂交汇。六镇长城南线、北线均以阳山秦汉长城东段所在山脉的北麓地带作为其西南防御端点,其终点之间的直线距离约25千米。选择丘陵间的谷地修筑墙体,是六镇长城的主要特点之一,六镇长城的墙体以土筑最为普遍,保存较为低矮,墙体外侧普遍见有壕堑的痕迹。北线墙体对南线墙体的局部沿用,及墙体沿线发现的32座戍堡,是此次北魏长城调查的重要发现与收获之一。六镇修筑在先,后有六镇长城南线和北线。六镇修筑完成于延和二年至太平真君八年之间。沃野镇最初即建在了根子场古城,白灵淖城圐圙古城经考证为怀朔镇镇址,抚冥镇镇址已确定为位于今四子王旗乌兰花镇的乌兰花土城子古城,而希拉穆仁城圐圙古城、克里孟古城、三工地土城子古城应分别为武川镇、柔玄镇、怀荒镇旧址。

A New Understanding on the Great Wall in Northern Wei Dynasty and the Ruins Of Six Towns through the Great Wall Resource Investigation

The Great Wall of the north line and the South line in the six towns in the Northern Wei Dynasty are in general distributed in the Northeast- southwest toward Wulanchabu grassland,with a short intersection in the central area. The south line and the north line of the Great Wall in the six towns take the north areas in Yangshan as their southwest defense endpoint,and the straight- line distance between the two endpoints is about 25 kilometers. One of the main characteristics of the Great Wall in the six towns is that the walls were established in the valleys between the hills. The walls in the six towns were low and made up of earth,and the traces of the ditch could be seen on the lateral wall. One of the most important discovery in this survey on the Great Wall in Northern Wei Dynasty is that we found the adoption of the walls and the 32 garrison forts along the wall line. The six towns were built earlier,and the north and south of the Great Wall were built later.