海上平台油污损害赔偿国际立法及适用

21世纪海洋环境成为人类获取能源的主战场，油污损害赔偿纠纷已从一国国内走向国际化。对于油污损害赔偿问题国际社会存在一些立法实践，由于海上石油作业起步晚、溢油率低，对海上平台溢油事件所导致的损害赔偿问题在国际社会尚未引起足够的重视，出现法律适用的困境。通过制定海上平台油污损害赔偿的国际专项实体公约或者将“海上平台”油污损害纳入“船舶”油污损害公约的调整范围，以弥补海上平台油污损害赔偿国际法适用的缺失。为确保国际公约的有效实施，一国内国法对国际公约应给予积极的回应。

International Legislation and Its Application Concerning Offshore Platform Oil Pollution Damages

The marine environment has become the main battlefield for human access to energy sources in the 21st century. The disputes over oil pollution damages have gone beyond the national boundaries. There are legislative practices in international community concerning oil pollution damages. Because the offshore oil operations started late and oil spill rate remains low, the compensation for damages caused by the oil spill of the offshore platforms in the international community has not been paid enough attention to, thus leading to the plights in applying the law. By developing international special entity convention on oil pollution compensation or by bringing “offshore platform” oil pollution damages into the adjusted scope of the convention on “ship” oil pollution damages,we can make up for the absence of applicable international law concerning the offshore platform oil pollution damages. To ensure the effective implementation of international conventions, the domestic laws should positively respond to the international conventions.