洛克知识学说述评

洛克认为知识是对源于经验的观念之间的一致或不一致的关系的知觉,因此一点也不能离开观念,但却不能归结为观念.这种知觉必须是确定的,人们通过直觉、推论和感觉,可以获得确定性程度不等的知识.洛克强调有关实体的知识的符合客观原型的实在性,并试图以人的生活需要证明外物的存在.洛克承认既有特殊的知识,也有普遍的知识,并对二者的关系进行探索,其中某些思想显然是后来康德思想的端倪.

John Locke''''s Theory of Knowledge

In Locke's view, knowledge is the perception of agreement or disagreement of ideas o-riginated from experience, so it cannot be separated from idea at all, and at the same time cannot be reduced to idea. This kind of perception must be made certain. By intuition, deduction and perception we have knowledge in various degrees of certainty. Locke emphasized the reality of substantive knowledge that conforms to objective archetype and attempted to prove the existence of things without the requirements of life. He agreed that there are particular knowledge and general knowledge and tried to elaborate the relations of them, some of which is an inkling of Kantian ideas later.