基因污染的现行侵权法规范之因应政策——以损害救济为中心的初步分析

基因污染在损害形态上属于生态损害与传统损害的典型复合,但就我国现行法律规范而言,只能就传统损害提供救济.基因污染在行为类型上可以归于环境侵权,将其定位于危险责任是基本的侵权法政策.污染者作为加害人应对受害人承担无过错的连带责任.在加害人内部,除非转基因作物实际种植者故意或者有重大过失,基因公司应承担基因污染损害的最终责任.此外,还要建立一个个体、社会、国家责任互动的综合性损害救济体系.

Legal Policy on Genetic Pollution from the Perspective of Torts Law:Focusing on Damage and Relief

The damage of genetic pollution is a typical composite of ecological damage and traditional damage.The current torts law and regulations in China only provide remedies for traditional damage.As a basic policy of tort law,genetic pollution which can be attributed to environmental tort will be viewed as a type of dangerous liability.The polluter should bear the joint liability without fault.It is necessary to establish a comprehensive system of damage relief in which individual liability,social liability,and state’s liability are interactive.