唐宋时期穆斯林蕃坊考

唐宋时期是穆斯林来华的侨居时代，其聚居区称为蕃坊。本文对蕃坊的形成、组成形式、蕃长职掌及性质、活动等多方面进行论证；同时指出唐宋时期穆斯林蕃坊对后来的教坊制度、哈的司管理机构的影响     

论我国清真寺管理模式的历史变迁

清真寺是我国回族等穆斯林举行宗教活动的中心场所,也是伊斯兰教在我国传播与分布的象征,同时还承载着伊斯兰文化传承与文物保护的主要功能。随着历代统治者对伊斯兰教内部组织制度的干预,清真寺的管理制度也在不断进行更新和调整。从唐代"蕃坊"制到元代"哈的司"再向"教坊制"的转变过程中,清真寺管理也经历了三掌教制——掌教世袭制—阿洪聘任制—董事会制—民主管理制的发展过程,反映了伊斯兰教与我国社会发展相适应的历史轨迹。     

唐宋时期穆斯林蕃坊的性质、特点及演变

唐宋时期穆斯林蕃坊的形成,是唐宋王朝参与国际经济、文化交流过程的产物。穆斯林蕃坊建立于中国汉族社会之中,它既有别于中国社会的政权系统,也有别于少数民族内附形成的羁縻府州,在历史的进程中形成了自己独特的风貌。本文拟对穆斯林蕃坊的性质、特点及演变进行探讨,旨在揭示这种独特风貌。     

宋元时期泉州的阿拉伯人

宋元时期,泉州海外贸易非常繁荣,吸引来众多的外国商人,其中阿拉伯人占了大多数,从而形成了阿拉伯人的聚居区——蕃坊。阿拉伯商人在海外贸易中举足轻重,曾控制泉州的对外贸易。宋朝政府为了管理外商,设置了蕃长。元时蕃长又称＂亦思巴奚＂。蕃长和亦思巴奚,波斯语称为沙班达尔,其渊源可追溯到古代波斯人的海外贸易管理制度。元末,泉州的...     

唐宋穆斯林史实杂考

本文依据文献资料,对唐宋有关穆斯林史的几段有歧见的史料加以分析,内容涉及唐代的蕃坊、辽与大食的关系、蕃坊中蕃客的宗教信仰、蕃商社会的法律等问题,作者在引证学术界已有成果的基础上,提出了自己的观点。     

当代"蕃坊"的崛起——义乌穆斯林社区发展历程的初步调查

唐宋时期,在当时的杭州、明州(宁波)等地,建立了有外国侨民居住的“蕃坊”。随着中国对外开放的进行,大量的中外穆斯林到浙江义乌来经商贸易,定居生活,使义乌成为新的“蕃坊”。通过对义乌穆斯林的人口变迁,义乌的清真寺、寺管会、阿洪和墓地,义乌穆斯林的职业构成,义乌穆斯林的婚姻家庭与子女就学情况,义乌穆斯林的精神生活状况等方面的论述,使人们对这一新的“蕃坊”有一个较全面的了解。浙江义乌新的“蕃坊”的出现,也反映了伊斯兰文化与中华文化均重视和谐与和平的共同价值取向。     

无垣之“城”——近代西安回民社区结构探微

历史以来西安回民社区的居住空间结构与其宗教社会内部的组织秩序同构.回民社区在适应国家政令及地方法规制度管理的同时,以清真寺为核心,以教坊为组织形式,教民的宗教生活与日常生活相结合.教坊制度下回民小集中的空间结构后面隐藏着的是居民的行为活动与教坊的物质空间秩序、社会生活组织秩序的高度统一,即物质形态与精神生活的统一,构成了西安回民坊巷居住和社会组织结构的特征.     

凉山州境内的“西番”及渊源探讨(上)

“蕃”字有众多词义,本文仅涉及民族族称的部分。“蕃”通“藩”,具有屏障之意。例如《诗·大雅·崧高》曰:“四国于蕃。”蕃字又是古代汉族对外族的称呼,例如:《周礼·秋官·大行人》曰:“九州之外,谓蕃国”。因此,“蕃”最早应是古代中原人对周边少数民族的泛称,而不是仅指西部民旅。唐代,由于藏族先民在青藏高原建立以“吐蕃”为称号的地方奴隶制政权,人们用吐蕃来专称藏族。但唐宋以下,史籍     

从回族角度谈伊斯兰教的中国化

伊斯兰教作为一种外来的宗教文化 ,传入中国后经历了“蕃坊”、儒化和回族化阶段。在与中国主流文化的碰撞中 ,不断吸收汉文化的因素 ,实现自身的再造 ,发展成为中华民族大文化的组成部分。从回族形成和发展的角度看 ,伊斯兰教的中国化包含着伊斯兰教的回族化和回族化的伊斯兰教两层含义。     

入蕃大道沿途诸族与中央吐蕃之五翼

包括青海地方在内的青藏高原的各历史地域、道路等,以上大体考察终了。做为最终目的,是在此基础上确定古代藏王国成立前后,在这一地域的各族的位置。各族中,有一部分前已触及,这里再进一步考察。其顺序,首先是(一)确定沿入蕃大道各族的位置;(二)考察藏王国的军制、行政区;最后(三)确定东方地区的诸族位置。首先是沿入蕃大道诸族。入蕃大道,即青海—拉萨间的道程,既已明确(第二章第     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

Refugees,migrants, neither,both: categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

The use of the categories ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ to differentiate between those on the move and the legitimacy, or otherwise, of their claims to international protection has featured strongly during Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and has been used to justify policies of exclusion and containment. Drawing on interviews with 215 people who crossed the Mediterranean to Greece in 2015, our paper challenges this ‘categorical fetishism’, arguing that the dominant categories fail to capture adequately the complex relationship between political, social and economic drivers of migration or their shifting significance for individuals over time and space. As such it builds upon a substantial body of academic literature demonstrating a disjuncture between conceptual and policy categories and the lived experiences of those on the move. However, the paper is also critical of efforts to foreground or privilege ‘refugees’ over ‘migrants’ arguing that this reinforces rather than challenges the dichotomy’s faulty foundations. Rather those concerned about the use of categories to marginalise and exclude should explicitly engage with the politics of bounding, that is to say, the process by which categories are constructed, the purpose they serve and their consequences, in order to denaturalise their use as a mechanism to distinguish, divide and discriminate.     

伊斯兰学者刘智的"元气"与日本儒者伊藤仁斋的"一元气"思想——朱子学"理"、"气"学说的批判与重构

在"文明间对话"被各国学界极为重视的当代,特别值得关注与研究的是,17-18世纪的回儒学与日本德川儒学之间的具有价值和意义的对话.刘智和伊藤仁斋是同时代不同文化背景的两位思想大师,同时受到朱子学影响,并吸收融合而产生出自己独特的思想体系.本文将探讨这两位思想家对朱子学"理"、"气"思想的重构特色.进一步想说明,不同文化...     

羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系考察研究

岷江上游羌族宗教信仰是多元混杂的,导致这种现象的产生,既有历史的因素,又有现实的因素.历史的因素可追溯到古羌人时代,从那里我们可寻羌族宗教信仰之渊源的一些踪迹;现实的因素可从羌族地处藏彝走廊,受汉藏文化影响的现状中去采撷一些实际的表现.本文拟就羌族原始宗教信仰中的藏文化因子,羌族天神信仰与藏族民间宗教信仰的渊源,羌族和藏族有关人类起源传说的相似与区分,羌族原始宗教信仰与佛教文化的糅合等方面对羌族宗教信仰与藏文化的关系作一较为深入的考察分析.