论公民身份认同的话语机制

从公民身份的历史发展轨迹来看,公民身份在不同国家和不同历史时期存在着不同的实践形式。公民身份意味着人在一个国家中正式的和负责任的成员资格。公民身份认同意味着公民对自己生活的共同体表示接受、赞同和承认,并且以自己忠诚共同体的实际行动体现出来,积极地参与共同体的生活,履行共同体赋予公民的责任和义务。语言是存在的家,公民通过语言言说认识自己,辨认自己,进而产生归属感。     

公民与国家关系的法哲学范式——以黑格尔《法哲学原理》为中心的分析

黑格尔所论述的国家是作为理念意义上的理想类型的国家,即国家是伦理普遍性和单一性的统一,是作为伦理共同体与公民这一伦理主体之间的统一,是具有伦理实体和伦理精神的伦理共同体.国家共同体是由国家公民组成的,公民是伦理主体,公民与国家之间的关系是伦理主体与伦理共同体之间的关系.黑格尔的公民与国家关系理论,对于当代中国现代国家理念的确立和国家制度的建设,对于公民意识教育和公民社会建设,对于提升公民对国家信任感和依赖感,促使公民自觉承担国家责任、履行法律义务等,具有重要的启迪意义和价值.     

论公民身份的分歧与整合

公民身份是政治哲学中的一个基本问题,西方历史上共和主义传统与自由派传统基于不同的自由概念而凸显出了不同的公民观,贡斯当与伯林分别对此进行了"古代人的政治自由"与"现代人的个人自由"以及"积极自由"与"消极自由"的二分,这样公民身份问题也就在这种二分法的基本框架中得以展开。社群主义的崛起虽然实现了政治哲学中心向共同体和成员资格的转变,但同时也强化了公民身份的二元对峙。而晚近以来的"公民资格"理论是对自由主义的个人主义和社群主义的集体主义之间对立的一种超越,它把自由主义对正义的要求和共同体成员资格的要求整合到一起,也是对两种公民观的一种综合与超越。     

政治的"纯化"与"泛化":也谈"中国模式"

霍布斯给了我们一个政治的"利维坦",外在的、反自然的国家权力,于是在洛克那里就有了作为"利维坦"的对立面的社会;到康德,再讨论社会的"伦理秩序"与"政治秩序",认为生活在一个"伦理共同体"中是人类的特殊义务,或者说只有人类才可能生活在人与人的伦理关系之中,但这种关系又应该以健全的政治秩序为前提.本文在此基础上进一步讨论了国家(政治)与社会(伦理)的关系,认为就世界范围里的现代性而言,"组织"这样一种社会化形式综合了国家与社会的特征,并进而取代了政治与伦理,使得人们更愿意以放弃公民的政治身份与伦理义务为代价而扮演一个更令人满意的"组织成员"的角色;而这一点,至少有助于我们对什么才是当今的"中国模式"的理解.     

人类命运共同体与新的中国世界观

人类命运共同体是中国共产党和中国政府过去十年来逐步弘扬的一个核心概念,它是中国历经改革开放以来的四十多年、新中国成立以来的七十多年、中国进入近代史以来的一百八十年,更是华夏文明四千多年来历史实践的一种结果。文章通过分析“中国的世界”和“中国与世界”两种中国的世界观,指出人类命运共同体实际上是历经千年之变后出现的第三种中国世界观“中国在世界”的必然产物,含指中国对世界的反哺、反思、责任与使命。     

《白象似的群山》精神生态解读

《白象似的群山》是美国作家海明威的优秀短篇小说之一,作家通过凝练的句式、简朴的措辞、有限的文字向读者传递了无限丰富的内容。作品生动地刻画了第一次世界大战后人们的精神生态状况。海明威对两位主人公精神世界的关注,揭示了美国社会所存在的精神问题,即人们不知不觉陷入了精神的荒原。通过对工业文明给人类精神生态所造成的破坏行径进行了揭露,海明威试图唤起人们内心深处的共鸣,激发人们对生活真谛、生活意义的思索,促使人们对内心精神生态平衡的关注,从而呼唤人们必须重新审视和思考自己的思想信仰,最终解决精神生态上所出现的危机。     

中国社区建设：问题与方向

社区的真正本质是社区精神。人们通过参与社区生活，形成对自己生活和工作社区的认同。中国社会有着自己独特的历史和人文生态环境，它的社区发展和社会结构与西方有着明显区别，中国的社会组织没有得到充分发育，政府在社区发展中起主导作用，社区建设应该培育居民的共同体意识，并针对特定的社会问题（诸如无家可归、失业下岗、家庭照顾、贫困等）。     

我们应为后人付出点什么?

当我们考虑自己和子女的生活时,我们对自己的责任可能是明确的。但是,代代相传下去,我们应该为后人付出点什么呢? 我们承继了一个比较富饶的世界,因此我们的大部分需要仍然可以得到满足。这应该感谢我们祖先的远见卓识,显然他们曾非常认真地承担了对未来的责任。我们今天的状况在很大程度上是取决于前人为我们作出的安排。同样,我们今天的所作所为也将为后人的选择提供机会或者起制约作用,因此,我们把一个什么样的世界留给未来,实质上是一个道义上的责任问题。     

论被害人加权责任的概念

人生活在日常的社会关系之中,必然会发生各武各样的行为交往与互动,因此每个人都应当对自己的行为负责,都应当承担主体行为的责任.为了促使刑法理论重返真实的生活世界,真正地实现刑罚之该当性,并通过刑事政策杠杆重塑主体人之行为模式,促进社会的公平、高效与和谐,有必要提出并论证被害人加权责任的概念.     

关于道德建设的新思考

关于道德建设的新思考姜春梅十几年的改革开放不仅极大地推动了我国的经济建设，同时也促使政治、文化等领域发生了深刻变化。同样地，人们为道德观念和偏性行为也发生了深刻变革。如何正确认识现象生活中人们道德、价值观的变化，进而建立起适应市场经济的新道德体系，这...     

跨文化交际中文化身份的心理认知

交际主体在跨文化交际中代表的是本民族文化,即文化身份不同。各民族文化既各具特色,又需要在多元文化共存的态势下谋求共同发展。根据跨文化心理学“人类心理统一性”的理论,交际主体在跨文化交际过程中有意识或无意识地遵循着同样的心路历程:文化身份认知、文化移情和文化整合。     

Express yourself? Ease to express one’s identity mediates the relationship between national belonging and mental health

ABSTRACT

A number of studies have reported a positive relationship between levels of national identification and well-being. Although this link is clear, the relationship is likely influenced by a number of other variables. In the current study, we examine two such variables: age and the ease with which people feel they can express their identity in the national context. Participants were drawn from three waves (2008–12) of the biannual New Zealand General Social Survey (NZGSS). The NZGSS consists of a number of questions related to well-being. The current study utilised the questions related to one’s sense of belonging to New Zealand, ease to express one’s identity in New Zealand, and mental health. When controlling for physical health, standard of living, and several demographic control variables, there was a clear relationship between one’s sense of belonging to New Zealand and mental health. Further, this relationship was stronger for older than younger participants. Finally, the ease with which participants felt they could express their identity in New Zealand partially mediated the relationship. Future research should elucidate which specific aspects of their identity people feel is constrained in the national context.     

教学活动中社会工作专业教师的角色定位

社会工作专业的教学活动,不仅要使学生建立社会工作专业的理论基础,更重要的是要使学生把理论和概念转化为可应用的实务技巧,使大学生树立专业的价值理念,确立专业认同感和专业自豪感,以及如何有效的运用社会工作的价值理念,帮助人们解决各种困惑,提高人们生活质量的能力。所以说,社会工作专业教师应该树立起多重的角色意识,并不断进行多重的角色整合,以推动社会工作专业的发展和专业教学水平的提升。     

教学活动中社会工作专业教师的角色定位

社会工作专业的教学活动,不仅要使学生建立社会工作专业的理论基础,更重要的是要使学生把理论和概念转化为可应用的实务技巧,使大学生树立专业的价值理念,确立专业认同感和专业自豪感,以及如何有效的运用社会工作的价值理念,帮助人们解决各种困惑,提高人们生活质量的能力。所以说,社会工作专业教师应该树立起多重的角色意识,并不断进行多重的角色整合,以推动社会工作专业的发展和专业教学水平的提升。     

论当代大学生的网络责任感

网络的迅速发展与普及,一方面有利于大学生开阔视野,学习新知识,思考新问题,更为全面地认识世界;另一方面,由于大学生正处于人生观、价值观、世界观形成时期,缺乏足够的辨别力与抵御力,很容易沉溺其中,对自身良好网络道德意识、网络责任感的养成构成了极大的挑战。为此有必要加强网络德育工作,健全各种规章制度,做到自律与他律相结合,增强大学生的网络责任感,使其更好地适应网络社会的发展需要。     

Broken circles to a different identity: an exploration of identity for children in out–of-home care in Queensland, Australia

Child protection manuals and literature emphasize that developing a sense of identity is one of the most important elements in achieving good outcomes for children in out-of-home care. Yet, the very issue of identity raises questions that many child protection workers are ill-equipped to answer. In practice, life story book work based on developmental theories has been utilized by child protection workers and foster carers as a response to a sense of 'lost identity' for children in out-of-home care. However, Indigenous and psychological concepts of identity may have little in common.
Current theories of identity development in children lack evidence from the children and young people themselves in informing these notions, which have been criticized as adult-centric. Developmental theories may also be problematic for children from non-Western cultural groups. This research was undertaken in a regional area of Queensland, Australia where the majority of children in the child protection system who are identified as Indigenous, come from two or more cultural backgrounds. The research presented in this paper firstly explores identity issues for children and young people in foster care from their own perspective using narrative art therapy. Secondly, the research views identity from the perspective of professionals working in child protection and out-of-home care.     

Professional Identity,Job Satisfaction,and Retention of Licensed Social Workers in Korea

This paper reports the results from a survey of 735 social workers in South Korea on their professional identity as a social worker, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the profession. The overall result shows that there was a high level of job satisfaction. Social workers' intention to leave the profession was significantly related to their integrated feelings of professional identity. This relationship was partially mediated by job satisfaction. Social workers' sense of professional identity can be tapped to help social workers feel adequate to carry out their professional responsibility. Boundaries of their practice should be well defined.     

审美物化论

"物化"是中国美学中一个渊源有自又有深厚的中国哲学背景的范畴,对于中华民族的艺术创作和理论都有深刻的影响。"物化"与西方美学中的"移情"说有接近之处,却又有其不同的美学内涵;与中国美学中的"感物"、"感兴"等范畴有密切联系,但又并不等同。"物化"是指主体进入审美体验和审美创造的高峰时,在感觉和意识中与客体完全融合为一、无法分辨物我关系的至高境界。在中华传统艺术领域中,"物化"是诗词书法艺术家审美体验中物我两忘、而将主体的灵性和对象的物性化而为一的极致之境。     

Voluntary Pension Saving for Old Age: Are the Objectives of Self‐responsibility and Security Compatible?

Fiscal pressure and demographic change lead governments to seek ways of reducing state expenditure on pensions. Individuals are asked to take more responsibility, and funded, supplementary pension schemes have been established in many countries. This article looks at schemes that are voluntary – the NEST or Personal Accounts scheme in Britain and the Riester Pension scheme in Germany. It examines the debate about whether it is worthwhile for some people to participate in pension schemes that are not mandatory – particularly those with low incomes and/or potentially broken careers. The small pensions they accumulate in such schemes merely offset entitlements to means‐tested pension benefits, leaving them no better off in old age. Concerns about the behavioural consequences of pension means‐testing are not new. Nonetheless, few policymakers have been willing to look at when and how such concerns were expressed in the context of voluntary pension savings. Equally, they have seldom been prepared to explain the costs involved in guaranteeing savings‐based pensions or the implications that the lack of offering such a guarantee might have for individual behaviour. The state has sought for people to take greater ‘self‐responsibility’ for their retirement income, but many people wish for some certainty with respect to the pensions they can expect. These goals might well be in conflict. Whether the ‘state pension for the 21st century’, as proposed by the UK government, will succeed in satisfying the objectives both of the state and of pension savers remains an open question.     

价值理想的认识与实践:马克斯·韦伯的伦理教育

在我们这个似乎已实现了“价值自由”的时代,马克斯·韦伯很少被人视为一位伦理教育者。本文尝试从韦伯身处的时代和社会背景出发,以其关于学术与政治之伦理意义的论述为重点,结合其书信和传记,来揭示韦伯思想中之伦理教育的面向。面对威廉二世时代的精神危机,韦伯力主社会科学虽具有抽象的观念性,但能够向人们揭示文明与历史中的超越性价值,并通过对其客观化实践的描述,令人们看到这些价值理想如何落实于现实,并产生复杂的变化与后果;由此,学术能够令人明确自身的价值立场及其实践后果,从而培养人的自我清明和求真务实的品质,在日常的工作与生活中朴实地践行自己的理想。另一方面,韦伯还告诫我们,要警惕主观理想潜藏的暴力性,认清实践的复杂性和悖谬性,将信念与清醒的现实责任感结合起来。