社会排斥视角下流浪儿童的生命历程

本文以某流浪儿童工读学校为个案研究,运用质性研究方法,立足于社会排斥的理论视角,初步分析了问题流浪儿童从家童、街童到工读生转变的生命历程,诠释了问题流浪儿童形成的过程实质是不断遭受社会排斥的过程。     

完善流浪未成年人救助保护体系

笔者对流浪儿童问题进行过深入的调查研究,发现造成流浪儿童问题的因素是多方面的,仅仅依靠政府设立的救助保护机构不能从根本上解决这个问题,必须在“党委领导、政府负责”的格局下,建立一个联结儿童、家庭、社区、学校、救助保护机构和公安机关的青少年社会管理体系,才能有效预防儿童离家流浪,并且更有效地救助和保护流浪儿童。     

国家是流浪儿童救助的第一责任主体

流浪儿童救助突然升温,成了一个炙手可热的话题。从偶然性来看似乎是“随手拍”民间活动使然,从必然性来看则是问题长期积聚的当下爆发。流浪儿童救助,国家是义不容辞的第一责任主体,主要原因如下：从流浪儿童的产生来看,主要肇始于改革开放以来社会控制方式的改变以及社会资源配置的地区差异,     

家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护的可行性与模式建构

家庭问题是儿童外出流浪的主要原因之一,只有家庭问题得到了缓解,流浪儿童才能真正实现回归家庭和社会。因此,流浪儿童救助保护需要家庭的参与。本文在结合前人研究和我国流浪儿童救助保护现状的基础上,分析了家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护的必要性和可行性,并建构了"家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护体系",将儿童心理行为问题解决和家庭问题解决相结合,为我国流浪儿童救助保护工作提供可资参考的新思路。     

流浪儿童群体及其利益表达机制的特点

改革开放以来,由于经济、政治和社会等多种因素的影响,我国的流浪儿童问题日益突出.本文在对流浪儿童问题以及利益表达机制进行综述的基础上,论述了流浪儿童群体及其利益表达机制的特点,以期在此基础上更好地解决这一社会问题.     

福利院在流浪乞讨儿童救助中的作用

当前我国的流浪乞讨人员数量之多、规模之大、影响之广、情况之复杂，已成为了一个不容忽视的社会问题．尤其是流浪乞讨儿童的增多引起了社会各界的注意。因此，我们需要对流浪乞讨人员实施社会救助，让他们告别流浪乞讨生活，回归主流社会。本文介绍了福利院的发展现状及在流浪乞讨儿童社会救助中发挥的重要功能，并结合我国流浪乞讨儿童的特征，详细论述了如何充分发挥福利院在流浪乞讨儿童救助中作用。     

为流浪儿童撑起一片蓝天(英文)

流浪儿童问题是世界面临的一大难题,也是中国保护弱势儿童群体面临的一个突出问题。石家庄流浪儿童保护教育中心,探索出了一条“建家园、进校园、走向社会”的长效保护机制,为流浪儿童撑起了一片蓝天。     

流浪儿童心理救助服务模式初探

流浪儿童问题是当今世界各国普遍关注的全球性社会问题。但是，与物质方面的救助相比，流浪儿童心理救助比较缺失。通过对未成年人救助保护中心流浪儿童的调查发现，流浪儿童在进站、住站、出站三个不同阶段的心理需求各不相同。需要结合流浪儿童救助站的现有条件，设计符合流浪儿童心理需求、对流浪儿童有切实有效作用的心理救助服务的方式和方法，预防和减少流浪儿童重复流浪心理的形成，更好地实现流浪儿童救助。     

美国《离家出走和无家可归青少年法案》综述研究

《离家出走和无家可归青少年法案》是美国在流浪儿童救助领域最为重要的法律之一。它的出台标志着美国联邦政府在制度与经费上全面介入了流浪儿童救助领域。也体现出美国社会对于流浪儿童的观念从“麻烦制造者”向“社会问题受害者”的转变。该法案包括三项主要救助计划，在美国流浪儿童的生活、教育、健康、就业等方面发挥了积极作用，但也存在导致部分流浪儿童更为边缘化的风险。     

关于完善流浪儿童救助体系的思考

我国的流浪儿童问题是伴随着我国改革开放,经济政治体制的转型而逐步严重的。市场经济的改革破坏了原来的社会福利制度,使得大量的儿童流落街头。本文主要通过两个面来探讨关于完善流浪儿童救助体系:一是通过构建适合我国实际国情的儿童社会福利保障制度,从根本上解决流浪儿童的问题。二是有效利用非政府组织参与社会救助中的重要作用,积极发挥非政府组织在对流浪儿童的救助中的优势。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹，城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市，2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望，然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意，没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义，每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题，把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

建设项目不同实施阶段的交通影响分析

介绍国内进行交通影响分析所采用的方法和研究范围,评述在建设项目规划阶段和设计阶段的交通影响分析至少应涉及的内容和深度。     

An Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of Italian Version of CPGI

The aim of this study was to adapt to the Italian context a very commonly used international instrument to detect problem gambling, the canadian problem gambling index (CPGI), and assess its psychometric properties. Cross-cultural adaptation of CPGI was performed in several steps and the questionnaire was administered as a survey among Italian general population (n = 5,292). Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.87 and can be considered to be highly reliable. Construct validity was assessed first by means of a principal component analysis and then by means of confirmatory factor analysis, showing that only one factor, problem gambling, was extracted from the CPGI questionnaire (an eigenvalues of 4,684 with percentage of variance 52 %). As far as convergent validity is concerned, CPGI was compared with Lie/Bet questionnaire, a two-item screening tool for detecting problem gamblers, and with both depression and stress scales. A short form DSM-IV CIDI questionnaire was used for depression and VRS scale, a rating scale, was used for rapid stress evaluation. A strong convergent validity with these instruments was found and these findings are consistent with past research on problem gambling, where another way to confirm the validity is to determine the extent to which it correlates with other qualities or measures known to be directly related to problem gambling. In sum, despite the lack of a direct comparison with a classic gold-standard such as DSM-IV, the Italian version of CPGI exhibits good psychometric properties and can be used among the Italian general population to identify at-risk problem gamblers.