流浪儿童回家的路有多远

流浪儿童是指16岁以下、离开家人或监护人、在外游荡超过24小时且无可靠生存保障的人。据统计,目前我国约有15万人次的流浪儿童,再加上随父母外出打工的街童,实际人数可能远远超过30万。流浪儿童问题的出现,是包括家庭排斥、社区排斥、教育排斥、住房排斥和就业排斥等在内的全方位社会排斥的结果。     

流浪儿童日常生活研究的范式问题

本文对现有的关于流浪儿童日常生活研究的主要范式进行了评述，揭示并详析了以强调流浪儿童的脆弱性为主要特征的“脆弱性视角”、以关注流浪儿童的能动性为基本特征的“能动性视角”和强调流浪儿童的越轨行为的“越轨性视角”。这三种视角强调的流浪儿童日常生活的不同面向之间，可能存在相互交织密不可分的关系。为此，以内涵广泛并内在地强调动态过程的“社会排斥”可成为流浪儿童日常生活研究的一个更适切的概念工具。     

从排斥到背离——城市流浪儿童产生的家庭因素及其对养成教育的启示

流浪儿童形成的原因十分复杂,往往是多种不良因素交织作用的结果.但无论主观上、客观上是什么原因,都与家庭问题有着千丝万缕的联系,都可以从家庭环境不良、监护职责缺失、教育不当等家庭问题中找到原因.本文认为,正是家庭排斥在不同方面的多重作用,使儿童符合社会规范的行为习惯的养成过程发生阻滞或扭曲,进而背离家庭.家庭排斥是流浪儿童背离家庭的根本原因,体现在物质环境、人际关系、父母教育行为等不同层面.分析儿童流浪这一社会问题,对家庭养成教育的启示是:尊重和保护儿童权利是家庭养成教育的起点和归宿,优化家庭环境是家庭养成教育的基础条件,监护人教育与监督是家庭养成教育的必要保障.     

流浪儿童在中国的主流论述与研究新取向

本文重点回顾了中国社会主流论述对于流浪儿童尤其是问题流浪儿童的＂严重社会问题＂的认识,以及相应的＂社会救助、矫治改造及社会适应＂的政策与服务,由此基于文献述评提出了问题流浪儿童研究的新取向及意涵。     

家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护的可行性与模式建构

家庭问题是儿童外出流浪的主要原因之一,只有家庭问题得到了缓解,流浪儿童才能真正实现回归家庭和社会。因此,流浪儿童救助保护需要家庭的参与。本文在结合前人研究和我国流浪儿童救助保护现状的基础上,分析了家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护的必要性和可行性,并建构了"家庭参与流浪儿童救助保护体系",将儿童心理行为问题解决和家庭问题解决相结合,为我国流浪儿童救助保护工作提供可资参考的新思路。     

街童：“自救式”流浪行为的社会学思考

街童（Street Children）即我们所说的城市流浪儿童。20世纪末，流浪儿童数量大幅增加，世界上许多国家，尤其是20世纪80年代起发生巨大经济与政治转型的国家，流浪儿童的数量一直在急剧上升。这一现象，在世界上人口最多的中国更是如此。     

流浪儿童群体及其利益表达机制的特点

改革开放以来,由于经济、政治和社会等多种因素的影响,我国的流浪儿童问题日益突出.本文在对流浪儿童问题以及利益表达机制进行综述的基础上,论述了流浪儿童群体及其利益表达机制的特点,以期在此基础上更好地解决这一社会问题.     

福利院在流浪乞讨儿童救助中的作用

当前我国的流浪乞讨人员数量之多、规模之大、影响之广、情况之复杂，已成为了一个不容忽视的社会问题．尤其是流浪乞讨儿童的增多引起了社会各界的注意。因此，我们需要对流浪乞讨人员实施社会救助，让他们告别流浪乞讨生活，回归主流社会。本文介绍了福利院的发展现状及在流浪乞讨儿童社会救助中发挥的重要功能，并结合我国流浪乞讨儿童的特征，详细论述了如何充分发挥福利院在流浪乞讨儿童救助中作用。     

关于流浪儿童可持续性救助的思考

流浪儿童问题日益严重源于我国经济结构不断变化发展的进程,这个问题很大程度上反映了我国社会保障制度体系的不健全,同时宏观上也加剧了流浪儿童问题。对流浪儿童的救助过程中需将救助办法本土化、专业化,形成地区性、针对性救助。通过可持续性的救助消除流浪儿童的重复流浪现象。     

为流浪儿童撑起一片蓝天(英文)

流浪儿童问题是世界面临的一大难题,也是中国保护弱势儿童群体面临的一个突出问题。石家庄流浪儿童保护教育中心,探索出了一条“建家园、进校园、走向社会”的长效保护机制,为流浪儿童撑起了一片蓝天。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹，城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市，2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望，然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意，没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义，每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题，把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

Mobility of students and attractiveness of universities. The case of Sapienza University of Rome

Human mobility is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. While labour migration has been widely and deeply investigated – through theoretical and empirical analysis – other forms of mobility have received much less attention. Students' mobility is a peculiar form of temporary movement that can be considered as neither migration nor tourism. It is rapidly growing: in the period 1975–2005 the number of tertiary education students abroad increased fourfold, from 0.61 million to 2.73 million, following the trend of the internationalization of economy and globalization of culture. In 2009 almost 3.7 million tertiary students were enrolled outside their country of origin, an increase of more than 6% from the previous year.

In this paper we analyse the international mobility of university students, using a unique data set built through surveys conducted at the Sapienza University of Rome. The data collected cover a rich array of information on students' characteristics and backgrounds, provenance places, family conditions, individual aspirations, and job preferences. The empirical analysis of those data offers an opportunity for understanding a relevant part of mobility decisions of (prospective) highly qualified workers. The Sapienza University, moreover, is at present the largest university in Europe for number of students and a pole of attraction for both European and non-European students. This allows us to enlarge our analysis at a global level.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

俄罗斯青年政治观研究

政治价值取向是决定一个国家青年价值取向发展方向的重要构成要素,本文通过考察俄罗斯青年对待改革、对待政治制度、政治思潮、领袖人物的态度以及参与共青团和青年联盟组织的活动等问题,以期较为全面和准确地把握俄罗斯青年的政治价值取向。