域外未成年人司法之风险需求评估量表探究

作为贯穿未成年人司法程序始终的配套机制,风险需求评估量表于全球诸多法域予以适用,其根基于深厚的犯罪学理论,并历经循证研究与司法实践的反复验证,业已凸显了其对未成年人犯罪及再犯之可能性预测的行之有效性.反观我国目前未成年人社会调查制度陷入了调查内容非规范化的实务性发展瓶颈,亟待引入高效度的未成年人风险需求评估量表予以构建科学化的配套机制,但近年学术界与司法实务部门尚未填补其适用性的研究空白.鉴于此,针对业已发展成熟与运行完备的域外未成年人多样化差异性评估量表予以多维度剖析甚为必要,以期为我国未成年人社会调查制度进退维艰的司法实务发展提供具有借鉴性意义的攻克路径性工具.     

关于未成年人家庭法制教育问题的思考

未成年人犯罪已经成为社会普遍关注的问题,我国对未成年人的家庭法制教育虽然取得了一些成绩,但仍存在问题,对此,笔者从三个方面就未成年人家庭法制教育问题进行探讨.     

论完善中的我国少年司法制度

近几年,国内法学界和青少年工作者中,对发展和完善具有中国特色的少年司法制度问题,展开了讨论,各抒己见,在一些问题上,观点并不一致。下面是我对这个问题的一些思考。一、解决未成年人的违法犯罪问题有战略意义按照我国的法律规定,不满十八周岁的人,统称为未成年人。我国历来十分关心未成年人的健康成长,一贯强     

试论未成年人司法制度之构建

我国的未成年人司法制度尚处于初期阶段,还未制定适合未成年人刑事审判的实体法和程序法.应当对犯罪未成年人引进暂缓起诉制度,实施社会调查制度、未成年犯的前科消灭制度、合适成年人参与制度以及严格适用简易程序等制度,系统构建我国的未成年人司法制度,以加强对未成年人合法权益的保障.     

良法?恶法?——嫖宿幼女罪存废之争

近些年来,因为嫖宿幼女罪而被追究刑事责任的案件不时见诸于报端.不少学者认为,之所以设定这个罪名,是期望我国刑法能全方位地保护未成年人的利益.但是,也有一些人认为,这个罪名不仅大大减轻了性侵犯者的罪行,而且也是对未成年人的侮辱.网民的担忧早已蔓延开来,其中最核心的忧虑,就是害怕犯罪嫌疑人借助“嫖宿幼女罪”逃脱严惩.     

良法?恶法?——嫖宿幼女罪存废之争

近些年来,因为嫖宿幼女罪而被追究刑事责任的案件不时见诸于报端.不少学者认为,之所以设定这个罪名,是期望我国刑法能全方位地保护未成年人的利益.但是也有一些人认为,这个罪名不仅大大减轻了性侵犯者的罪行,而且也是对未成年人的侮辱.网民的担忧早已蔓延开来,其中最核心的忧虑,就是害怕犯罪嫌疑人借助“嫖宿幼女罪”逃脱严惩.     

和谐法治视野下的未成年人权益保护展望

我国和谐法治对未成年人权益保护已经有了诸如未成年人司法保护对象的全面化、政府为主保障儿童权利等方面的发展,但也仍然存在少年司法依附成人模式、未成年人权益保护法律没有形成独立的体系等不足.未来应当完善适合审理未成年人案件的实体法、程序法,健全少年司法的法律体系,补充未成年人自我保护规定,明确未成年人权利主体地位,构筑全社会对未成年人权利的法律信仰,以确保未成年人合法权益的实现.     

关于发展我国未成年人刑事司法制度的法律构想

我国未成年人刑事司法制度自创建以来,在预防减少未成年人违法犯罪方面虽发挥了重要作用,但仍存在许多缺陷,需要继续予以完善优化.从法律的角度来看,就是树立现代司法理念,指导司法制度完善,坚持专业化建设的方向,走多样性发展的途径,加快未成年人刑事立法,构建未成年人法律体系,大力强化社会责任意识,实行严格专业任职资格,从而延伸未成年人刑事司法触角,提高未成年人刑事司法效能.     

农村未成年人刑事司法维权探究

我国农村庞大的未成年人群、农村未成年人犯罪的特殊性以及农村未成年人刑事司法维权中遇到的各种现实难题，决定了加强和完善农村未成年人刑事司法维权工作的必要性、迫切性和重要性。本文以浙江省象山县人民法院（以下简称“象山法院”）未成年人刑事审判实践为例，在具体阐析了农村未成年人犯罪的特殊性以及农村未成年人刑事司法维权中存在的现实难题后，从科学理念、审判程序和模式、相关制度和规定等方面，对加强和完善农村未成年人刑事司法维权工作进行了实证研究，并据此提出了一些笔者认为可行的具体建议。     

我国《预防未成年人犯罪法》评析

近年来，随着对未成年人犯罪问题的愈加重视，我国儿童和青少年权益保护、犯罪预防工作日益增强，社会各界给予了愈来愈多的支持和关注，倾注了越来越多的心血。1999年6月28日，《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》由九届全国人大常务委员会第十次会议审议通过，自1999年11月1日起施行。该法作为我国第一部预防犯罪的专门立法，在某种程度上来说具有一定的特殊性，并在我国立法史上具有重要的历史地位和意义，为我国预防未成年人犯罪起到了不可忽视的作用。然而，在该法的实施过程中，一些立法上和实践中的缺陷开始逐一显露。结合预防未成年人犯罪工作中的实践，揭示我国现行《预防未成年人犯罪法》存在的缺陷，为预防未成年人犯罪法的修订提出一定的建议。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹，城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市，2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望，然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意，没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义，每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题，把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.