聚而不群：社交媒体时代青年“孤独社交”的现象透视与形成逻辑

随着媒介技术的不断变革，社交媒体对青年群体的社交形态、时空秩序与心理体验均产生了嵌入式的影响。一方面，社交媒体为青年群体提供了“更为自由的关系空间”，实现了跨越时空的畅通联结；另一方面，也使青年群体产生了“在一起”的场景幻觉，情感转化力与心灵融通力不断下降，最终呈现出“身显连而心隐匿”的“孤独社交”现象。文章采用深度访谈法，在勾勒青年“孤独社交”图景的基础上，从技术、平台与主体形式三个方面探讨与省思当代青年群体“孤独社交”现象的形成逻辑，进而提出解决这一困境的路径：一是建立“共鸣轴”，二是重拾独处，三是建构沉思的“精制环境”。     

青年群体网络行为代际研究

网络化时代,青年是网络参与的主体,其言行在很大程度上会影响网络的舆论动态,同时,网络也在深刻地影响和改变着青年个人的工作、学习和生活,因此,有必要关注青年个人的网络行为及其在网络空间中呈现出来的群体性特征。青年网络行为表现出共性特征:把上网视为生活的一部分;对网络购物表现出积极的态度;网络行为折射出现代生活方式的价值理念变化;认为网络有一定的诱惑力,但不应沉溺其中;认同网络对于人际互动和交流模式的影响。同时青年群体网络行为表现出一定代际差际,在网络应用方向和目的上,"70后"更倾向与实用性的网络工具,而"80后"、"90后"主要以休闲娱乐为主要目的和方向。     

去中心化与再中心化：跨文化性别形象的青年传播圈层建构

圈层化传播是社交媒体时代信息交往的重要形式。文章从青年社交媒体用户对跨文化女性形象的圈层认知建构出发,剖析青年传播圈层形成的内源机制与外源动因。基于网络田野和深度访谈法,研究发现：圈层化传播是青年文化的突出特征,也是青年群体内部交流互动的主要方式,已成为网络多元文化发展的推动力量。在全球化系统下的本土话语逻辑生成过程中,青年传播圈层对跨文化性别符号进行了现代性改造和本土化加工。在新型社会关系和群体身份认同的双重作用下,围绕跨文化性别形象所形成的青年传播圈层呈现出性别层面的“去中心化”和族裔层面的“再中心化”特征。青年圈层传播路径一方面折射了后全球化时代文化杂糅对青年群体身份建构的影响,另一方面也反映出不同青年圈层围绕价值观念和话语建构权的博弈。     

“阿拉伯之春”中青年社交媒体参与及其启示

2011年发生的"阿拉伯之春"在世界掀起的政治风暴至今余威犹存。关于这场运动的发起原因和影响的讨论至今没有形成共识,但是不可否认的是,阿拉伯青年在这场运动中高度依赖社交媒体的联结和动员功能,改变了传统社会运动的组织形态和行动逻辑,成为这场运动的发起人、推动者和参与主力。当前,中国社会正处于急剧转型时期,矛盾错综复杂,各种由青年人参与的群体性事件频仍发生,严重地考验着党和政府的治理能力。因而,认真汲取"阿拉伯之春"的教训,积极拓展青年诉求表达的合理渠道,引导其有序参与,对于防范和消弭社交媒体时代的政治风险,实现国家善政良治无疑具有重要意义。     

两岸青年交流中的理论与实践思考

社交网络媒体作为一种全新的交流模式，正在对两岸青年交流产生日益重要的影响，如聊天、交友、讨论等逐步成为两岸青年在社交媒体中的主要交流形式。这种新的社交模式不仅扩大了两岸青年的社会关系网络，促进了两岸青年的沟通和了解，还推动了两岸青年在共识和认同层面的增加，这种互动路径开启了两岸交流的新时代。     

Z世代线上直播学习的行为逻辑及反思

网络社交时代学习直播间的快速发展,既反映出青年群体对自我披露与展示的适应,又带来巨大心理距离和群体性孤独.运用福柯权力规训理论,探讨Z世代线上直播学习的行为逻辑.在没有绝对权力的学习直播间中,个体主动进入共同学习的场域,接纳与吸收自我展示所带来的规训力量,实现社群融入,满足"云同窗"之间彼此的监督和陪伴的诉求;在主动展示学习成果的过程中,他们也能获得他人的激励,进而增强对社群的情感认同.但一旦脱离共同学习的网络环境,参与者之间的现实联系很难进一步发展,个体之间仍旧是一种弱联系.新媒体环境放大了微观权力在特定空间中的作用,即被观看的个体行为受到限制;但通过对规则的适应和自我的改变,可以帮助个体获得新的社会资源,这有别于网络时代"娱乐至上"和"极度狂欢"的认识.     

社交网络对青年文化参与和文化创作的影响

随着社交网络(SNS)的发展以及网民队伍的迅速扩大,社交网络的蓬勃发展将话语权正式放归到大众手中,广大青年群体成为社交网络中文化参与和文化创作的中坚力量,若能对青年群体辅以正面引导,大众文化的质量将上升到一个全新的发展空间。     

微博、社交网络对大学生思想政治教育的影响初探

当前，微博和社交网络在世界范围内发展得如火如荼，大学生作为接受新知识和新事物的青年群体，很快就对微博和社交网络表现出极大兴趣，并积极参与其中。微博和社交网络作为大学生网络活动的新兴载体，对大学生思想观念、学习、生活、心理等方面都产生着影响，这给大学生思想政治教育带来了新的挑战和机遇，如何发挥好微博和社交网络的优势，及时把握学生动态，加强教育引导与交流，将成为高校网络思想政治教育的新内容。     

社交网站兴起与青年价值结构分析

青年价值结构反映了青年在价值观念变迁中现代化维度和后现代化维度中的转变程度。目前社交网站覆盖人数众多，用户以高学历、年轻化、城市分布规律化和交际现实性为主要特点。社交网站发展与青年价值结构变迁具有内在的密切关联。社交网站技术引进国内却丧失了原有的“意义图景”，说明我国青年在价值理性方面的缺失和对工具理性的追逐：接受社交网站说明“熟人社会”结构在青年社交活动中仍然延续．社交网站也能为青年实现个人成就提供可能性：社交网站馈赠型社会化模式有效改进了青年“相对被剥夺感”严重、幸福感低迷的现状，这是社交网站进一步发展壮大的功能基础。     

On Youth＇s Value Structure Roots of the Rise of Social Network Sites

青年价值结构反映了青年在价值观念变迁中现代化维度和后现代化维度中的转变程度。目前社交网站覆盖人数众多，用户以高学历、年轻化、城市分布规律化和交际现实性为主要特点。社交网站发展与青年价值结构变迁具有内在的密切关联。社交网站技术引进国内却丧失了原有的“意义图景”，说明我国青年在价值理性方面的缺失和对工具理性的追逐：接受社交网站说明“熟人社会”结构在青年社交活动中仍然延续．社交网站也能为青年实现个人成就提供可能性：社交网站馈赠型社会化模式有效改进了青年“相对被剥夺感”严重、幸福感低迷的现状，这是社交网站进一步发展壮大的功能基础。     

青年新媒体使用的基本特点及影响

新媒体是青年生活的重要组成部分。青年对新媒体的使用,在关注重点、行为取向、主要应用等方面具有显著特点。新媒体是青年学习工作的好帮手、社会交往的重要途径和意愿表达的重要渠道,但对青年的价值取向、身心健康等也有着不容忽视的负面影响。为此,应从健全政策法规、提高媒介素养、加强正面信息发布、提高监管效能、创新技术手段等方面入手,充分发挥新媒体促进青年健康成长的积极作用。     

Beyond social networking: Performing global Englishes in Facebook by college youth in Nepal1

Until recently, scholarship on online social networking has mostly focused on issues of social relationship, privacy, identity and literacy. Research on the interface between multilingualism, multimodality and online social networking from a discursive perspective is relatively limited. This ethno‐graphic study draws data from Facebook pages composed and hosted over two years by three economically and educationally privileged undergraduate students in Nepal and uses conceptual constructs of mediascape, convergence culture and global Englishes. The study investigates how the advent of social networking online in Facebook by college youth has influenced their use of the English language and other semiotic resources to index both their local and cosmopolitan identities. Findings suggest that these youth are using social networking to redefine the role of English in relation to their existing social relationships, innovatively mixing English and Nepali in order to construct their bilingual identities, and embedding English with other texts to recontextualize both local and global media content. The paper concludes with a summary of major findings which suggest that online social networking practices have significantly helped to bring about a cultural change among this particular social group in Nepal.      

‘Only Connect’: Unifying the social in social work and social media

‘Only Connect…live in fragments no longer’

(E.M. Forster, Howards End).

This paper utilises ‘Only Connect’, the epigraph from Forster’s novel ‘Howards End’ as the starting point for exploring the challenges and opportunities of integrating social networking with relationship based social work practice. The paper discusses the more deleterious implications of social networking, whilst assuming a deliberately optimistic stance to uncover ways in which the opportunities afforded by online space can be utilised effectively within social work education and practice. Whilst recognising that social networking platforms are transforming constantly, the paper adopts Kaplan’s definition of social media as a ‘group of internet based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0’. Whilst much of the discussion within the paper relates to Twitter and Facebook, two of the most endemic international social networking platforms, it is also applicable to myriad forms of social networking. The paper begins with a discussion of UK professional conduct cases and explores these both within Klein’s concept of splitting and historical attitudes to new technologies. Drawing from emerging research data and other examples, the positive relational practices educed by social media within social work education and practice are emphasised and discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting Forster’s plea for connection and recommending that social work embraces the renewed opportunities provided by online networking.     

Journey towards independent living: a grounded theory investigation of leaving the care of Girls & Boys Town,South Africa

The journey out of care and towards independent living is a challenge for many care-leavers. There has been little research into the social processes involved in this care-leaving journey. This paper presents the results of a grounded theory investigation into the care-leaving journeys of nine young men who had, several years previously, been in the care of Girls & Boys Town in South Africa. Working from a resilience perspective, with an ecological emphasis, four central social processes emerged that together explain the care-leaving experiences of the participants. These processes are striving for authentic belonging; networking people for goal attainment; contextualised responsiveness and building hopeful and tenacious self-confidence. These four processes are located within contextual boundaries and at the social environmental interface. The paper presents these processes in detail, drawing on selected narratives of the participants and integrated with additional theory. It is hoped that this paper may contribute to theory building concerning care-leaving processes and enhance youth care practices for youth in care and leaving care.     

Stepfather families and the emotional well-being of adolescents

Although approximately one-third of all children born in the United States are expected to spend some time living in a married or cohabiting stepfamily, our understanding of the implications of stepfamilies for the well-being of youth remains incomplete. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this research investigates adolescent depressive symptomatology and suicide ideation in stepfather families, paying careful attention to variation in pathways of stepfamily formation. I test multiple theoretical explanations for the effects of family structure on adolescent emotional well-being, including perspectives emphasizing economic deprivation, socialization and social control, stress and instability, and community connections. I also explore the possibility that observed associations between family structure and youth well-being might be spuriously produced by the preexisting selective characteristics of stepfamilies. The results of this research point to a complex relationship between stepfamily formation and adolescent emotional well-being, suggesting both positive and negative effects.     

Social network engagement and subjective well‐being: a life‐course perspective

Social networking is a digital phenomenon embraced by billions worldwide. Use of online social platforms has the potential to generate a number of benefits including to well‐being from enhanced social connectedness and social capital accumulation, but is also associated with several negative behaviours and impacts. Employing a life‐course perspective, this paper explores social networking use and its relationship with measures of subjective well‐being. Large‐scale UK panel data from wave 3 (2011–12) and 6 (2014–15) of Understanding Society reveals that social network users are on average younger, aged under 25, but that rising use is reported across the life‐course including into old age. Probit, multinomial logistic, and ANCOVA and change‐score estimations reveal that membership, and greater use, of social networks is associated with higher levels of overall life satisfaction. However, heavy use of social networking sites has negative impacts, reflected in reductions in subjective well‐being. Socio‐economic disadvantage may drive these impacts among young (in education), unemployed and economically inactive heavy SNS users.     

Academic resilience and caring adults: The experiences of former foster youth

As a result of being removed from their homes and moving between different placements and schools, foster youth can experience high levels of stress and challenges as they struggle to cope with such extreme emotional turbulence. The experience of trauma and instability in turn, can have consequences on foster students' academic progress. As it is seemingly uncommon for foster youth to matriculate to postsecondary education, this study examines how successful foster youth transitioned out of care and furthered their education at an academically rigorous institution. From high-achieving former foster students, this study uncovers their experiences while in out-of-home care that helped them enroll in a university, including how adult supporters provided guidance, emotional support, and stability, which allowed students to move out of their negative past experiences. Adults' willingness to assist youth and be a part of their lives provided students with a transformative academic and social emotional environment, furthering their ability to persist through high school and gain acceptance to a top-tier university.     

Mentoring and social skills training: ensuring better outcomes for youth in foster care

Youth in foster care face significant life challenges that make it more likely that they will face negative outcomes (i.e., school failure, homelessness, and incarceration). While the reason(s) for out-of-home placement (i.e., family violence, abuse, neglect and/or abandonment) provide some context for negative outcomes, such negative outcomes need not be a foregone conclusion. In fact, interventions created to serve at-risk youth could ostensibly address the needs of youth in foster care as well, given that they often face similar social, emotional, and other challenges. Specifically, the author posits that supporting foster care youth through the use ofmentoring and social skills training could reduce the negative outcomes far too common for many of these youth.     

Three simple models of social capital and economic growth

This paper proposes three models of social capital and growth that incorporate different perspectives on the concept of social capital and the empirical evidence gathered to date. In these models, social capital impacts growth by assisting in the accumulation of human capital, by affecting financial development through its effects on collective trust and social norms, and by facilitating networking between firms that result in the creation and diffusion of business and technological innovations. We solve for the optimal allocation of resources channelled into the building of social capital, examine the models’ comparative statics and dynamics, and demonstrate how a tax and subsidy scheme may correct the resource under-allocation that results from the public good aspect of social capital creation. Observed differences in social capital across countries are explained by differences in government policies and the possibility of multiple equilibria and social capital poverty traps.