浅谈儿童福利机构社工岗位的设置

社会工作者专业正式纳入全国专业技术职称体系,标志着社会工作专业将进入可持续、快速发展阶段。本文通过对儿童福利机构以及孤残儿童的需求分析,论述了社会工作人才队伍建设的必要性,提出在儿童福利机构中设置社工岗位的设想。     

养老机构社会工作如何实现“三化”

对于养老机构来说,社会工作在提高机构服务专业化水平,创新机构管理和服务模式,构建和谐机构中的重要作用日益被认同和重视.然而如何才能更好地推动养老机构社会工作发展,提高社会工作的专业化、职业化、社会化水平则成为机构管理者和社会工作者所必须共同思考的问题.     

老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用探讨

随着人口老化,越来越多的国家政府开始正视老龄问题。而作为社会福利服务的重要组成部分,老年社会工作更日益受到重视。我国内地老年社会工作的发展却很滞后,大多数养老机构对于老年社会工作如何介入没有一个清晰的认识。这是由于我国内地社会工作发展较晚,相关的研究和实践都不是很充分的缘故。本文以笔者的实践经历为基础,从老年社会工作在养老机构服务中的角色、相处原则与介入的模式,尝试探讨老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用。     

老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用探讨

随着人口老化,越来越多的国家政府开始正视老龄问题。而作为社会福利服务的重要组成部分,老年社会工作更日益受到重视。我国内地老年社会工作的发展却很滞后,大多数养老机构对于老年社会工作如何介入没有一个清晰的认识。这是由于我国内地社会工作发展较晚,相关的研究和实践都不是很充分的缘故。本文以笔者的实践经历为基础,从老年社会工作在养老机构服务中的角色、相处原则与介入的模式,尝试探讨老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用。     

机构养老中社工元素的融入——基于南昌市X老年中心实践的思考

专业的社会工作者和社会工作专业方法融入养老机构,需结合国情和养老机构本身拥有的资源,对其加以发掘,在此基础上寻求合理的途径将专业社工融入机构养老工作中,从而更好的发展老年事业,促进老年事业和老年社会工作的专业化、全面化发展。     

强化社会工作协调人职能,增进福利机构专业化进展

福利服务专业化成为福利机构发展的总体趋势。21世纪以来,社会工作作为社会福利专业化的重要推动力普遍走进社会福利领域。在推动社会福利服务专业化进程中,如何发挥其积极功能是社会工作实践探索的重点。本文从强化社会工作协调人职能的角度,探讨社会工作推动福利机构专业化的方式。     

强化社会工作协调人职能,增进福利机构专业化进展

福利服务专业化成为福利机构发展的总体趋势。21世纪以来,社会工作作为社会福利专业化的重要推动力普遍走进社会福利领域。在推动社会福利服务专业化进程中,如何发挥其积极功能是社会工作实践探索的重点。本文从强化社会工作协调人职能的角度,探讨社会工作推动福利机构专业化的方式。     

香港合作交流会在港召开广东省首届养老福利机构

经国家民政部，广东省人民政府批准．以中央人民政府驻香港特圳行政区联络办公室社会工作部为支持单位．由广东省民政厅与香港文汇报，香港社会服务发展研究中心联合主办的“广东省首届养老福利机构香港合作交流会”于2005年12月8日至9日在香港国际会议展览中心隆重举行。中央人民政府驻香港特别行政区联络办公室副主任周俊明、     

市场化与嵌入:政府购买社会工作服务模式的再思考

在福利市场化和民营化风起云涌的当下,政府购买社会工作服务成为推进政府职能转变、改革基层社会治理体制的创新之举.本文以公共服务市场化和"嵌入"路径作为政府购买社会工作服务的建构性力量,提出了非市场竞争性项目购买模式、非市场竞争性岗位购买模式、市场竞争性项目购买模式、市场竞争性岗位购买模式四种政府购买社会工作服务基本类型.借助现有经验资料,从市场化、行政干预度、资源整合力、专业化程度、社工机构规模和数量、行业自主性、资金和人员稳定性8个维度,对四种政府购买社会工作服务模式的运行机制、基本特点和制度后果等展开了深入讨论和反思.     

成都市：多措并举 创新养老服务模式

数字养老:成都市现有60岁以上老年人口181.66万,占总人口的16.3%.现有各类养老福利机构218家,其中城乡国力福利机构191家,民办养老机构27家,共有养老床位2.8万张,每百名老人拥有养老床位数约1.6张.     

Social work with middle‐class Spanish families: The challenge of the work–family conflict

In the current economic crisis, middle‐class families often find themselves immersed in a process of downward social mobility. These are families in which both spouses work, and where many relational conflicts begin in the sphere of work–family reconciliation and the allocation of household responsibilities. This article presents the results of a research study we conducted on middle‐class families in Spain. We focus specifically on the problems associated with work–family reconciliation and gender, and the mitigating role played by social support. Based on our results, we want to call the attention to a prevalent and ‘new’ conflict in family‐based practice social work in Spain: the work–family conflict.     

To be fair,generous, or selfish: The effect of relationship on Chinese children’s distributive allocation and procedural application

Previous research has found that children’s sharing with others relies on fairness norms, but also varies according to their social relationships. The current study focuses on the conflict between fairness and relationship, exploring their impacts across two resource allocation contexts. We used a parallel work task to explore the effect of relationship with different recipients (friend, stranger, or disliked peer) on three allocation patterns (generous, fair, or selfish), when children directly allocated resources (distributive allocation), or applied different procedures to recipients (procedural application). Participants consisted of 123 Chinese children between the ages of 6 and 12. We found that in the distributive allocation context, in which participants directly decided the outcome, children primarily considered their relationship with recipients when dividing resources, not fairness. However, in the procedural application context, in which children could choose different allocation procedures for recipients, children primarily preferred fairness, regardless of social relationship. Moreover, when making distributive allocations, 6‐ to 8‐year‐olds were more selfish toward their disliked peers, whereas 9‐ to 12‐year‐olds tended to be more fair and generous toward their friends and strangers. These findings shed light on the link between social relationship and fairness within different allocation contexts among children of Chinese cultural background.     

Social Group Work in Community Life

This paper focuses on social group work practice with adult community groups, highlighting the importance of these groups to the achievement of increased citizen participation in current social concerns, and identifying characteristics of these groups which require some different conceptualizations of social group work practice. This paper characterizes our current social context as deficient in the necessary social arrangements for a just and humane society. Thus it argues for a major shift of professional skill to assisting adult community groups to deal with environmental deficiencies, whether these be social policy, resource allocation, or program administration. It suggests that many problems which are identified as "personal inadequacy" may, in fact result from environmental deficiencies, and may be better served through the active efforts of citizens in their own behalf. The paper assumes an interaction between person, group and context, and posits that more effective use is made of professional knowledge and skill through work with those groups which seek to address the environmental context of human affairs.     

构建政府、福利组织与高校的联动机制——系统论视角下的我国社会工作发展思路

中国社会工作的发展是一项庞大的系统工程，需要政府、福利组织与高校等诸要素的相互支撑，形成良性互动，以实现各种资源的最佳利用和配置。当前在我国社会工作发展过程中，人们对政府与福利组织之间的伙伴关系较为关注，而对于政府、福利组织和高校三者关系的论述有所不足。本文从系统论的视角出发，剖析了政府、福利组织与高校在社会工作体系中各自的需求与供给情况及其内在的逻辑关系，并指出三者之间具有不可分割的共生关系。文章认为，当前国内社会工作发展中遇到的一些困境，正是由于三者间没有形成良性互动的有机联系而导致。发展社会工作必须建立政府、福利组织与高校的联动机制，其中政府必须先行一步，在这个联动机制中发挥关键的推动和主导作用。     

Study on a resource allocation formula for social services in Finland

This article considers how a specific need-based resource allocation formula for children's day care, income support, child welfare and other social services was developed. The formula is needed for the municipal allocation of state subsidies for social services, and the work was performed for the Ministry of Social Welfare and Health. Cross-sectional data were collected from the 436 Finnish municipalities and 37 small areas within the six largest cities. Because of the simultaneous relationship between supply and demand of services, two-stage least-square estimation and structural equations models were used in the analysis. After the effect of supply was removed from the service utilisation data, group-need factors (municipal variables) were found for these services. The new formula is financially and administratively feasible, transparent and reasonably simple.     

Domestic violence and child abuse: developing social work practice

This paper takes as its starting point the report produced by the Social Services Inspectorate (1995), entitled Domestic Violence and Social Care , which seeks to alert social workers to the links between domestic violence and child abuse and urges the profession to respond more effectively to these two interconnected forms of violence. Having examined the research findings which provide evidence for these links, the theoretical and service delivery contexts in which these two forms of violence have been studied and conceptualized by the social work profession, both in the United Kingdom and in the United States, are identified. Studies of the social work response to domestic violence are discussed and some of the difficulties experienced by social workers in responding effectively to the needs of families where both forms of violence are experienced are considered. In particular, the issues of 'invisible' men and 'trapped' women and children are explored. It is argued that effective social work intervention which challenges these stereotypes will require additional resources and the article concludes with a consideration of whether the Messages from Research report might herald a shift in the approach to child protection that would promote the allocation of resources to this area of work.     

社会工作在医德医风建设领域的介入研究

在市场经济环境下,医院的医德医风建设对于缓解医患矛盾,建立良好的医患关系显得非常重要。以往的医德医风建设往往是靠传统的政治思想工作来实现的。本文通过对我国目前医院政治思想工作的分析,研究医院政治思想工作中存在的不足和缺陷,提出以社会工作为抓手,通过党团的项目建设,以组织吸纳资源,为创新医德医风建设的新模式做思考。     

Parental substance misuse and child care social work: findings from the first stage of a study of 100 families

Parental misuse of drugs or alcohol is known to be a common issue for child care social workers, yet there has been surprisingly little British research on the topic. The study reported here attempts to address this gap. All files going for long‐term allocation in four London boroughs over on average 1 year were examined (290 files). Parental substance misuse (PSM) emerged as a major feature of social work caseloads. Of the 290 cases, 100 (34%) involved concerns about parental substance misuse. The families involving substance misuse were more vulnerable on a variety of measures: the children were younger, the parents had more individual problems and the families lived in more difficult social situations. PSM cases tended to be ‘heavy end’ at the point of allocation: they accounted for 62% of all children subject to care proceedings and 40% of those placed on the child protection register. There was a fairly even spread between alcohol and drug misuse, and a number of cases involved both. Substance misuse specialists were rarely involved in working with families, primarily because parents said that they did not think that they had a problem. Suggestions for ways in which policy and practice with PSM might be improved are made in light of these findings.     

Allocating Homes for People with Intellectual Disability: Needs,Mix and Choice

Allocation of housing and support services for people with intellectual disability is based on three major sets of criteria: an assessment of the applicants' needs; considerations of social mix; and the applicants' own choices. This article examines the philosophical and institutional rationales underlying each of these notions and the tensions arising when seeking to achieve a balance between them. The first section of the article is based on a review of related studies in the UK, the USA and Australia, mainly on allocation policies in mainstream social housing. The second section presents original empirical work carried out in the state of Victoria, Australia, in 2007–08, illustrating some of the implications of a new balance that was created between needs, mix and choice in allocation of housing and support for people with intellectual disability. The article argues that the concepts of needs, mix and choice should be redefined in a way which reflects the interdependencies between them. Further, the article calls for more extensive mutual learning between studies of mainstream social housing and housing for people with intellectual disability.     

Care Management and Information Provision: Towards a Reasoned Method of Assessing the Range and Extent of Problems and Needs in Child-Care Social Work

Correspondence to Professor Michael Sheppard, Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA Summary The new managerialism associated with care management has, aswith other areas of health and welfare work, promoted ideasof efficient use of resources, quality assurance and the capacityto audit the work of welfare agencies. This approach placesa high premium on measurement, and emphazises a long-standingdesire to develop instruments the use of which would providethe basis for resource allocation. This paper presents a methodby which such data can be rigorously generated and analysed.It uses as its basis an instrument of established reliabilityand validity, designed to collect data on problems identifiedin clients in the child and family care social work group. Ituses a combination of principal component and cluster analysisto provide a clear picture of the nature and range of problemsand the grouping of cases with similar characteristics. Thesedata provide a quantitative basis upon which judgements aboutresource allocation can be made.