浅谈项目冲突管理

本文从项目组参与者的角度,利用冲突分析模型,对项目组中项目负责人与项目组成员之间以及不同项目组成员之间的冲突进行分析,找到进行项目冲突管理的方法。     

团队冲突、冲突管理与绩效关系的实证研究

在组织研究领域,冲突一直被视为重要的团队交互过程变量.然而.关于团队冲突与绩效的关系存在很多争议,且以往的研究很少同时考虑团队冲突和冲突管理行为,这就忽视了冲突管理对团队冲突的潜在引导作用.通过对76个工作团队的冲突、冲突管理行为和绩效的实证研究,发现冲突管理和冲突的交互作用对团队绩效的影响显著.竞争型冲突管理行为会导致关系冲突的增加,进而导致团队绩效的降低;回避型冲突管理行为和关系冲突显著负相关;任务冲突与团队绩效之间显著正相关.本文的研究结果对于企业管理人员发挥任务冲突的正面效用、降低关系冲突的负面影响有一定的启示.     

权变冲突管理策略分析

冲突普遍存在于人们的工作生活中,尤其是对于一个组织而言。有大量的研究证明冲突对组织绩效有重要影响,冲突管理越来越受到管理者的重视。从20世纪60年代开始,现代管理学者开始对组织冲突进行广泛深入的研究,在冲突过程、冲突类型、冲突动因、冲突效应以及冲突管理方式等方面都有了一定的研究成果。本文以冲突管理策略为研究点,深入分析影响冲突管理策略选择的主要因素,提出权变冲突管理策略的思路及分析模型。     

浅论人力资源管理中的“冲突”管理

本文对企业人力资源管理中"冲突"发生的根源进行分析,提出解决冲突的几种方法。人力资源工作者只有高度重视冲突管理,才能防微杜渐,营造和谐健康的员工关系和劳动关系。     

冲突管理在民办教育企业管理中的应用探究

民办教育企业处在内涵发展的重要时期,面对内外部冲突无所适从的问题,提出以冲突为无形生产要素加以分析的方法,对原有冲突管理方法进行改造,使其在新兴的民办教育型企业冲突管理方面提升理论认识。以民办高职教育为研究背景,经分析表明,本文提出的冲突资源管理理念在民办教育企业管理者的管理方法优化方面具有先进性。     

浅析供应链管理中的冲突及其对策

供应链企业间的冲突是供应链管理的重要组成部分,是许多企业多年来一直在思考的问题。本文从分析了供应链的冲突的基本特征、产生冲突的影响因素以及解决冲突的对策。     

群体间冲突和冲突管理

在人类社会中,时时刻刻会发生这样或那样的互动行为,在这些行为中,人们会因为各种原因产生分歧、争论、辩解或对抗,这种现象反映在组织行为学当中就称之为冲突。群体间冲突又是组织内部普遍存在的现象,对群体间冲突的管理是也组织的重要工作之一。     

浅议高校内冲突管理

新形势下,高校内冲突日益突出,如何正确科学的管 理高校内冲突,对构建和谐校园有重要的意义。文章借鉴冲突管理对高校内冲突进行研究,分析了高校内部冲突类型、特点,及其形成原因,并对高校内冲突提出合理化的管理策略。     

渠道冲突管理的"生命周期观"——机会主义及其治理机制

渠道冲突管理是营销研究的热门课题之一.遗憾的是,文献对于渠道冲突管理的分析都是以结果为导向,忽视了对渠道冲突的前因分析,也没有树立渠道冲突管理的全程意识.本文指出,机会主义是渠道冲突的直接前因,必须引入渠道冲突的全程管理.机会主义治理的渠道冲突观认为,渠道关系初期进行渠道成员选择,渠道关系持续期谋求长期导向、互动、协商、开放的渠道关系,可以确保渠道冲突管理树立全程的"生命周期观".本文结合中国市场渠道中机会主义的渠道冲突案例进行剖析,为如何进行机会主义治理、杜绝渠道冲突之源,保持渠道和谐提供了新的视角.     

海心沙项目中的冲突管理

本文以广州亚运会开幕式场馆海心沙项目的建设为背景,阐述了工程项目中常见的冲突及其不利影响,从而引出冲突管理。具体分析了冲突管理的定义、作用及冲突管理在海心沙项目中的具体意义,为工程建设起到了良好的借鉴作用。     

冲突处理风格量表ROCI-Ⅱ在中国背景下的有效性研究

ROCI-Ⅱ(Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-Ⅱ)量表是在西方国家应用最广、最为流行的人际冲突处理风格测量问卷。本文以中国企业员工为样本,对该量表在中国文化环境下的有效性进行了实证研究,结果显示该问卷的信度和效度均不理想。探索性和验证性因子分析结果表明,在剔除四个条目后,三因子结构更符合中国企业员工人际冲突处理风格的基本特征。经检验,修订后的问卷有较好的信度和效度,可用于测量中国企业员工的人际冲突处理风格。     

基于1996~2020年文献计量分析的团队冲突管理研究知识图谱与热点趋势研究

以1996~2020年Web of Science核心合集数据库中团队冲突在管理学研究中的文献为研究对象,运用Citespace等可视化科学工具绘制了团队冲突研究关键词共现图谱和战略坐标图,系统分析了团队冲突管理研究内容的内在关联与发展脉络,并绘制了团队冲突管理研究的热点趋势主线框架。研究结果发现:团队内部冲突、信任、绩效、战略性决策是团队冲突管理研究的热点。在未来的研究中,探究不同类型冲突间的转化过程及边界条件是明晰团队冲突结构及作用机制的突破口;结合其他冲突类型及团队生命周期各阶段展开对团队冲突与绩效影响关系的讨论是对团队冲突影响结果的有益探索;辨识高层管理团队成员间的信任障碍问题、虚拟团队中的快速信任机制是信任与冲突关系研究的重点议题;探究不同冲突管理策略组合运用的作用机理是找到冲突解决方案的关键一环。     

Are real options more valuable in the presence of agency conflicts?

The theory on real options has extended the traditional net present value rule in order to capture the value of flexibility in investment decisions. Typically, the theory of real options does not take into account agency conflicts (between central and divisional management). In this paper, we investigate the influence of agency conflicts on real options within a LEN-type model. We extend a standard LEN model with investment activities by explicitly considering the possibility to abandon an investment project after all parties involved have received further information about the project’s development. Especially, we analyze how the option’s flexibility value is influenced by the agency conflict. Our analysis shows that the real option alters the trade-off between risk sharing and incentives that underlies the agency conflict. Thereby, situations can occur in which central (and divisional) management evaluates the abandonment option ex ante differently than ex post. Using this framework, we discuss the role of commitment and the advantages of centralization and delegation of the abandonment decision.

Work-to-family conflict and its relationship with satisfaction and well-being: a one-year longitudinal study on gender differences

The present study produced new knowledge about gender differences with respect to work-to-family conflict and its longitudinal relations with indicators of satisfaction and well-being. The study examined the longitudinal relations between work-to-family conflict and self-reported satisfaction and well-being in the domains of work (job satisfaction), family (marital satisfaction, parental distress) as well as overall (psychological and physical) symptoms. Data were obtained from a random sample of Finnish men (n=208) and women (n=218) who were employed and had either a partner or/and children. A survey was conducted at two points in time, in 1999 (Time 1), and one year later, in 2000 (Time 2). The results revealed that, among women, work-to-family conflict perceived at Time 1 significantly predicted job dissatisfaction, parental distress as well as psychological symptoms at Time 2. However, among men, a low level of satisfaction or well-being at Time 1 (marital dissatisfaction, parental distress, psychological and physical symptoms) functioned as a precursor of work-to-family conflict perceived at Time 2. In addition, the experience of work-to-family conflict turned out to be relatively stable for both genders over the time period of one year. It is likely that work-to-family conflict will continue to affect employees, and should be a central focus for organizations.     

科技型人才聚集效应与组织冲突消减的研究

科技型人才聚集既可能出现1 1>2的积极作用(经济性效应),也可能出现组织冲突,增加内耗,产生1 1<2的消极作用(不经济性效应)。通过组织行为学和聚集经济等理论与方法,界定了科技型人才聚集效应的概念、特征;研究了科技型人才聚集中,产生组织冲突的人才个性特征冲突动因、人才沟通冲突动因、结构冲突动因、权利与利益冲突动因以及竞争环境动因。在此基础上,为消减科技型人才聚集中的组织冲突,充分发挥科技型人才作用,提出了有关化解和消减冲突的对策,对促进人才聚集现象向人才聚集效应转变提供了理论指导。     

Exploring the Effects of the Privacy‐Handling Management Styles of Social Networking Sites on User Satisfaction: A Conflict Management Perspective

The issue of consumer information privacy, arguably the most substantial and persistent problem confronting e‐commerce companies in general and online social networking service providers in particular, often results in unsatisfied customers. Researchers have investigated privacy from various perspectives and in a multitude of settings, yet there have been few attempts to understand privacy versus satisfaction, particularly from the perspective of conflict management. Because users’ privacy can be negatively affected by social networking sites (SNSs), this study focuses on the privacy conflicts between SNSs and their users. Drawing on conflict management theory, this article investigates the effects of different conflict management styles exhibited by an SNS on users’ satisfaction with its privacy practices, which then affects their intention to disclose personal information. The SNS examined in this study is Facebook, the most popular SNS with the largest number of users. Data were collected using an online survey and were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results suggest that the two cooperative conflict management styles demonstrated by the SNS—accommodating and problem‐solving—positively affect users’ satisfaction with the privacy practices of the SNS both directly and indirectly through perceived privacy risk control. With regard to uncooperative styles, an avoiding style negatively affects user satisfaction directly, whereas an asserting style negatively affects user satisfaction indirectly through perceived privacy risk. The results also support that satisfaction is positively related to intention; users who are satisfied with the privacy practices of SNSs are more willing to disclose personal information than unsatisfied ones.     

三种角色压力对寿险代理人工作满意度的影响研究

本文以中国保险公司的寿险代理人作为研究对象,研究三种角色压力与员工工作满意度之间的关系.本文研究发现角色冲突、角色模糊性和工作家庭冲突对工作满意度的各个维度的影响效果是不同的,并且子女因素在三种角色压力与工作满意度各个维度关系中起调节作用.本文的研究发现不仅丰富了有关工作满意度研究领域的研究成果,而且对于保险公司改进员工工作满意度具有参考价值.     

Work–family conflict: The importance of differentiating between different facets of job characteristics

This review study clarifies the relationships between job characteristics and work–family conflict (WFC) by differentiating among three facets of job characteristics: latent, perceived, and enacted. To date, research linking job characteristics to WFC has not distinguished the facets of job demands and job resources in this way. Such distinctions are important as a means of understanding the affective, behavioural, and cognitive processes involved in determining how and when job characteristics relate to WFC. Our review of 115 studies showed that perceived job characteristics have been most commonly explored in relation to WFC, whereas latent and enacted job characteristics have been hardly examined. While these findings may not be surprising, our contribution lies in reviewing the literature through the lens of these categories. Based on the findings, and through highlighting examples in the extant literature, we argue that understanding job characteristics in terms of both how they are perceived and enacted by workers will provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the relationship between job characteristics and WFC. In order to inform evidence-based interventions, future research must uncover the dynamic mechanisms underpinning the connection between job characteristics and WFC through a focus on enacted job facets and the cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes involved.     

When Can Scientific Studies Promote Consensus Among Conflicting Stakeholders?

While scientific studies may help conflicting stakeholders come to agreement on a best management option or policy, often they do not. We review the factors affecting trust in the efficacy and objectivity of scientific studies in an analytical‐deliberative process where conflict is present, and show how they may be incorporated in an extension to the traditional Bayesian decision model. The extended framework considers stakeholders who differ in their prior beliefs regarding the probability of possible outcomes (in particular, whether a proposed technology is hazardous), differ in their valuations of these outcomes, and differ in their assessment of the ability of a proposed study to resolve the uncertainty in the outcomes and their hazards—as measured by their perceived false positive and false negative rates for the study. The Bayesian model predicts stakeholder‐specific preposterior probabilities of consensus, as well as pathways for increasing these probabilities, providing important insights into the value of scientific information in an analytic‐deliberative decision process where agreement is sought. It also helps to identify the interactions among perceived risk and benefit allocations, scientific beliefs, and trust in proposed scientific studies when determining whether a consensus can be achieved. The article provides examples to illustrate the method, including an adaptation of a recent decision analysis for managing the health risks of electromagnetic fields from high voltage transmission lines.     

基于前景理论与多Agent模拟的KIBS员工合作与冲突行为研究

随着知识经济时代的到来,知识密集型服务业(KIBS)已经成为西方主要发达国家和地区产业结构调整关注的重点方向和近年来学术界的研究热点之一。文章研究了KIBS员工合作与冲突行为产生机理与演化规律,首先结合了人格心理学、前景理论和博弈论的相关理论,设计了KIBS员工合作与冲突行为决策模型。之后在仿真软件Anylogic 6.5.0上建立了相应的多Agent模拟模型,并针对收益参数和群体沟通这两种影响因素设计了模拟实验。最后对模拟结果进行了分析,发现收益参数中除了惩罚系数,控制因子对最终行为比例也产生影响,而沟通概率则对演化过程行为变化的幅度产生影响。