中国制造企业供应链整合与企业绩效的关系研究

本文旨在研究探讨供应链整合、企业运作绩效及财务绩效之间的关系,揭示供应链整合通过供应商运作绩效及客户服务绩效影响财务绩效的作用机理。利用139份制造企业的样本,本文采用多元线性回归及中介效应检验方法对假设进行验证。实证研究结果表明:供应商整合对供应商运作绩效有显著的正向影响,内部整合及客户整合对客户服务绩效的提升有显著的推动作用;企业财务绩效的提升主要基于客户服务绩效的提升。同时,供应商整合、内部整合及客户整合对财务绩效的影响皆通过供应商运作绩效及客户服务绩效的提升来实现,其中,供应商运作绩效为部分中介变量,而客户服务绩效为完全中介变量。     

权力与关系承诺对供应商整合的影响

本文研究了供应商五种权力的使用对制造商两种关系承诺的影响,以及它们对供应商整合的作用.通过对我国617家制造商的问卷调查及分析,提出并验证了供应商管理的权力-关系承诺-供应商整合的理论模型.研究结果表明:供应商使用专家权力和奖励权力既会增加制造商的规范性承诺也会增加它的工具性承诺;供应商使用强制权力会减少制造商的规范性承诺,而供应商使用认同权力和法定权力对制造商的两种关系承诺都没有显著影响.结果还发现制造商对供应商的两种关系承诺都会促进供应商整合,但是,规范性承诺的促进作用更大.本研究的理论意义在于在Zhao等[1]对制造商和客户之间权力-关系承诺-客户整合理论研究的基础上,进一步研究了供应商和制造商之间的关系,从而完善了整条供应链上权力-关系承诺-供应链整合的理论.本研究对企业供应链管理的实践活动具有一定的参考价值.     

伙伴关系、物流能力与供应链整合关系研究

目前学术界对于影响供应链整合的因素以及这些因素如何影响到供应链整合的研究相对匮乏。本研究以供应链管理为视角,构建了伙伴关系、物流能力和供应链整合之间关系的概念模型。基于来自218家供应链上下游企业的调查数据,采用结构方程模型（SEM）的方法对上述概念模型进行了实证研究。研究结果显示：伙伴关系、物流能力对供应链整合均有显著的正向影响;同时结果显示,伙伴关系对物流能力也具有显著的正向影响,且透过物流能力,伙伴关系对供应链整合的间接影响高于其直接影响。此外研究结果还显示,不同规模及行业企业的伙伴关系和物流能力对供应链整合的作用大不相同。本文不仅为研究伙伴关系对供应链整合的影响路径和作用机理提供了一个新的视角,而且还为我国不同规模及行业企业如何利用伙伴关系和物流能力来提升供应链整合提供了决策的依据。     

制造企业物流能力对供应链整合影响的实证研究——以西南地区制造企业为例

基于218份西南地区制造企业的调查数据,建构了物流能力与供应链整合之间的关系模型,并通过结构方程模型(SEM)对理论假设及模型进行了验证。实证结果表明,物流基本运作能力和物流信息能力对供应链整合均有正向显著影响。同时,物流信息能力对物流基本运作能力也有正向显著影响。     

供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享的关系研究

依据相关文献与研究假设,构建了供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享水平之间关系的理论模型.以广东省珠三角地区141家制造企业为调查对象,利用多元回归分析方法对供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享水平之间关系进行实证研究.研究结果表明,供应链伙伴特性不仅对信息共享水平有显著的直接影响,而且还以伙伴关系为中介变量而间接地影响到信息共享水平;供应链伙伴特性中的文化相似性、资源互补性等维度对伙伴关系及其信任、承诺等维度均有显著的正向影响;伙伴关系中的信任、承诺等维度对信息共享水平及其作业信息、财务信息、策略信息等维度均有显著的正向影响.研究结果表明,不仅需要重视对供应链伙伴特性的分析与评估,尤其是对供应链伙伴的文化相似程度与资源互补性等方面进行评估,而且还要善于同供应链上下游企业建立重要的战略伙伴关系.     

供应商参与创新中信任关系影响因素分析

本研究选取我国一些制造业企业作为实证研究的对象,探讨企业间人际信任、企业间信任、参与质量、参与绩效之间的关系。本研究表明:(1)企业间人际信任对企业间信任有直接正向影响;(2)企业间人际信任对参与质量有直接正向影响;(3)企业间信任对参与质量有直接正向影响;(4)参与质量对参与绩效有直接正向的影响。该实证研究对于人们正确理解企业间人际信任、企业间信任、参与质量与参与绩效之间的关系有着重要的意义。     

供应链信息共享影响因素、信息共享程度与企业运营绩效关系研究

以广东省珠三角地区制造企业为调查对象,对供应链信息共享影响因素、信息共享程度与企业运营绩效之间的关系进行了实证研究.研究结果表明:供应链伙伴特性对信息共享程度与企业运营绩效均有显著的正向影响;供应链伙伴关系不仅通过信息共享间接影响到企业运营绩效,而且直接影响到企业运营绩效;供应链伙伴间信息化水平落差越小,伙伴间信息共享程度与企业运营绩效就越好;供应链伙伴关系对企业运营绩效有显著的正向影响.鉴于此,企业在选择供应链合作伙伴时应着重考虑伙伴特性与信息化水平落差;企业应加强供应链伙伴关系建设,尤其应重视伙伴间信任关系的建立;企业应加强与供应链上下游伙伴之间信息共享与交流.     

供应链关系质量与企业创新价值链——知识螺旋和供应链整合的作用

本研究针对中国文化背景下的高新技术制造企业,构建供应链关系质量与创新价值链的结构方程模型,并探索知识螺旋中介效应和供应链整合调节效应.研究结果表明,行为过程积极显著影响知识螺旋和创新价值链;交互环境对创新价值链并没有影响作用,但积极显著影响知识螺旋;知识螺旋积极显著影响创新价值链,并在行为过程对创新价值链的影响关系中具有部分中介效应,同时,在交互环境对创新价值链的影响关系中具有完全中介效应;供应链整合正向调节知识螺旋中介效应.     

供应商机会主义行为对信息共享与运营绩效的影响

在交易成本理论基础上,构建供应商机会主义行为、信息共享与运营绩效之间关系的理论模型。以广东省珠三角地区189家制造企业为研究对象,利用结构方程模型对供应商机会主义行为、信息共享与运营绩效的关系进行实证研究。将信息共享划分为信息共享内容和信息共享质量两个维度,将运营绩效划分为速度、服务和财务3个维度。研究结果表明,在供应商机会主义行为与信息共享的关系层面,供应商机会主义行为对信息共享内容和信息共享质量均有显著的负向影响;在信息共享与运营绩效的关系层面,信息共享内容和信息共享质量均对运营绩效有显著的正向影响;而供应商机会主义行为对运营绩效有显著的负向影响。根据上述实证研究结论给出供应链企业和政府的相关管理启示。     

产学研深度融合影响领军企业关键核心技术突破能力的理论分析与实证检验

基于《2020中国制造业企业500强》名单中A股上市企业的非平衡面板数据,分析并实证检验深度与强度两维度产学研融合质量对领军企业关键核心技术突破能力的影响,以及政府支持对该关系的调节作用。研究发现：产学研融合深度与产学研融合强度均显著提升了领军企业关键核心技术突破能力;政府直接支持和政府间接支持均正向调节了产学研融合深度与领军企业关键核心技术突破能力之间的关系;政府直接支持和政府间接支持均负向调节了产学研融合强度与领军企业关键核心技术突破能力之间的关系。     

Managing Differentiation‐Integration Duality in Supply Chain Integration*

Existing research focuses on the positive returns to operational performance of firms’ supply chain integration (SCI) with suppliers, buyers, and customers. We draw on differentiation‐integration duality and contingency theory to suggest that manufacturing firms should seek to achieve both integration through supply chain coordination activities and differentiation through modularity‐based manufacturing practices (MBMP). Using a sample of 261 manufacturing firms, we identify an inverse U‐shaped relationship between SCI and operational performance. Furthermore, we find support for the importance of differentiation‐integration duality as a fit between high levels of SCI and high levels of MBMP results in enhanced operational performance. We find support for a contingency perspective as fit is especially critical at higher levels of environmental uncertainty. Implications for theory, practice, and further research are suggested.     

Improving operational performance through knowledge exchange with customers

Drawing upon a knowledge-based view of the supply chain, this study analyses the antecedents and consequences of tacit and explicit knowledge transfer, from the supplier's standpoint. The proposed conceptual model is tested using survey data from a sample of 218 Canadian manufacturers. Results show that the exchange of tacit and explicit knowledge in the context of a relationship between a supplier and a customer has a positive impact on the supplier's operational performance. As expected, tacit knowledge exchange appears to have a stronger impact on performance than explicit knowledge exchange. Results also confirm the importance of the level of integration and inter-firm trust for the exchange of both types of knowledge. Although many studies of knowledge transfer in the supply chain have been published to date, no empirical study has specifically examined the simultaneous effect of both types of knowledge.     

A study of supply chain integration in the aeronautics sector

Competitive pressure, high development costs, long lead times, rapidly changing technologies and the risks inherent in projects combined with the delays seen in the latest aircraft models (with the rise in costs that these have entailed) highlight the need to reorganise the supply chain in the aeronautics sector paying special attention to an improvement in inter- and intra-organisational integration. The aim of this study is to analyse the situation of supply chain integration (SCI) in the aeronautics sector using three dimensions (information integration, coordination and resource sharing and organisational relationship linkage), considering both internal integration and external integration with customers and suppliers. A group of first-tier supplier experts analyse the dimensions and assess the degree to which the factors that define SCI have been achieved. The results enable strengths and weaknesses to be determined and indicate possible improvements to the situation that is detected with clear managerial implications.     

Supplier integration and firm performance: the moderating effects of internal integration and trust

This study proposes and empirically tests a model of the moderating effects of internal integration and trust on the impacts of information, process and strategic integration with suppliers on firm performance using structural equation modelling and data collected from 261 manufacturing firms in Vietnam. The results show that all three types of supplier integration positively associate with firm performance. Internal integration enhances the impact of process integration with suppliers on firm performance, but does not moderate the impacts of information and strategic integration with suppliers. Internal trust has insignificant, positive and negative influences on the effects of information, process and strategic integration with suppliers on firm performance. The findings show that internal integration and trust play different roles in moderating the positive effects of information, process and strategic integration with suppliers on firm performance, which elucidates a possible reason for previous mixed findings on the relationship between supplier integration and firm performance.     

On Decisions for Integration Implementation: An Examination of Complementarities Between Product‐Process Technology Integration and Supply Chain Integration

Research has shown that both product‐process technology (PPT) integration and supply chain integration efforts produce operational benefits, yet synergies between these types of integration are not well understood. This article empirically examines strategic customer integration and supplier integration as complementary activities for PPT integration, with the aim of helping manufacturing plant managers to intelligently implement mutually supportive types of integration. We set two conditions for establishing complementarity: (i) one type of strategic integration must positively influence the adoption of another and (ii) the two types of strategic integration must exhibit a synergistic fit with respect to manufacturing plant capabilities. We test these conditions using survey results representing 224 manufacturing plants. The findings show positive complementarities between PPT integration and supplier integration with respect to quality, delivery, and process flexibility. Also, positive complementarities exist between PPT integration and customer integration with respect to quality and new product flexibility. The results extend the emerging theory of strategic value chain integration and provide guidance to manufacturing managers who wish to assemble strategic integration policies.     

Supplier integration and company performance: A configurational view

Supplier integration is considered a key managerial strategy for improving buyer performance. This study adopts a configurational approach to supplier integration, based on the interaction and complementarity between supply chain management practices. In this perspective, this study explores the impact of supplier integration and measures aimed at creating a fast supply network structure on buyer performance. This research also attempts to ascertain whether these practices can exert a synergic effect. After examining data from a sample of 186 manufacturing plants, we can conclude that while taken singly supplier integration and fast supply network structure practices have a markedly positive effect on the performance goals considered (i.e., efficiency, schedule attainment and flexibility); in addition, they interact to produce an additional synergic effect on efficiency and schedule attainment. The analyses also reveal that investing in FSNS or SI initiatives alone can be risky. On one hand, when companies fail to make any effort to structure their supply network in order to achieve fast lead times, the impact of supplier integration on efficiency and schedule attainment may be hindered and, in extreme cases, supplier integration might even have no impact at all. On the other hand, investing only in fast supply network structure initiatives, without striving to achieve an adequate level of supplier integration might well be useless: indeed, even detrimental to any improvement in performance. These findings provide useful guidelines for managers who must decide how to combine supplier integration and fast supply network structure initiatives in order to improve or maximize performance.     

Linking product modularity to supply chain integration and flexibility

Abstract

This study builds a moderated mediation model to empirically investigate the impacts of product modularity and supply chain integration (i.e. supplier, customer, and internal integration) on the flexibility and moderating effects of the product life cycle (i.e. growth and maturity stages) on the relationships using data collected from 204 Chinese manufacturers. The findings reveal that both supplier integration and internal integration mediate the relationship between product modularity and flexibility. Moreover, the indirect effect of product modularity on flexibility through supplier integration is stronger during the growth stage than during the maturity stage. There is no difference in the indirect effect of product modularity on flexibility through internal integration, which is significant in both the growth and maturity stages. In addition, the impact of product modularity on customer integration is significantly stronger, whereas that of customer integration on flexibility is significantly weaker during the growth stage than during the maturity stage.     

The impact of manufacturing and supply chain improvement initiatives: A survey comparing make-to-order and make-to-stock firms

Manufacturing firms aim at improving both internal and external processes to improve the competitive advantage. Such initiatives include lean practices as well as supplier rationalization and integration. In this paper, we analyze these improvement initiatives and their impact on business performance. In particular, we explore potential differences between make-to-order (MTO) and make-to-stock (MTS) firms. We use data from 216 Australian manufacturing firms. We find a clear difference of improvement focus between MTO and MTS firms. MTO firms exhibit a significant impact of supplier integration on business performance, but not for lean practices and supplier rationalization. The situation is completely reversed for MTS firms, since they have significant effects for internal lean practices and supplier rationalization, but not for logistics integration with supplier. The results show that the distinction between MTO and MTS firms is important when analyzing manufacturing and supply chain improvement initiatives.