青年志愿者公共服务动机的实证研究——基于广东省的问卷调查

公共服务动机是青年志愿者参与志愿服务的内生动力,提升青年志愿者的公共服务动机是新时期我国实现志愿服务高质量发展的关键。基于广东省青年志愿者的调查,本文从决策吸引力、同情心、公共利益承诺、自我牺牲精神四个维度,对广东省青年志愿者的公共服务动机进行定量测度并探究其差异。研究结果表明,青年志愿者公共服务动机水平整体较高,志愿服务政策对青年志愿者的吸引力有待提升,党员志愿者和学生群体具有更强的公共服务动机。基于此,应加大志愿服务政策宣传力度,提升政策对青年志愿者参与志愿服务的吸引力;坚持党建引领,提高青年志愿者的公共服务动机水平;激发公共服务活力,吸纳更多大学生党员加入到志愿服务队伍。     

志愿养老服务可持续发展内涵与实现路径

完善志愿养老服务发展机制是助力社会化养老服务体系建设的重要内容。本文在梳理志愿养老服务可持续发展内涵,分析志愿养老服务可持续发展内外部影响因素的基础上,从培育精神、落实意愿、完善制度、健全管理四方面提出了攻克瓶颈,促进志愿养老服务可持续发展的路径思考。     

"一带一路"背景下开展留学生志愿服务活动的实践与探索

习近平总书记提出"一带一路"倡议后,"一带一路"沿线国家的来华留学生人数逐年增加.引导和组织留学生参加志愿服务活动不仅可以推动留学生自身的素质发展,更是为建立跨国培养和跨境流动的人才培养新机制,培养具有国际视野的高素质国际人才打下坚实的思想基础.该文在分析留学生参加志愿服务活动必要性的基础上,指出留学生参与志愿服务活动面临的问题,并就未来如何有效开展留学生志愿服务活动提出建议.     

志愿服务:和谐社会的集体意识——试析志愿服务意识及其成长模型

文章认为,志愿者精神是中国社会转型过程中产生的一种新的用来增强社会整合的集体意识。志愿服务意识的形成能对公众的行为起到有效的导向作用,但意识的深浅将导致行为走势的连锁反映,而有我利他的深层志愿服务意识更有利于志愿者行动的持久化。本文在对志愿服务意识的含义和类型进行分析的基础上,建构了志愿服务意识的成长模型。     

志愿服务:和谐社会的集体意识——试析志愿服务意识及其成长模型

文章认为,志愿者精神是中国社会转型过程中产生的一种新的用来增强社会整合的"集体意识"。志愿服务意识的形成能对公众的行为起到有效的导向作用,但意识的深浅将导致行为走势的连锁反映,而有我利他的深层志愿服务意识更有利于志愿者行动的持久化。本文在对志愿服务意识的含义和类型进行分析的基础上,建构了志愿服务意识的成长模型。     

当前社区志愿服务存在问题及对策研究

社区志愿服务是志愿服务体系的重要组成部分,正逐渐演化为社区公共服务的一种重要组织形式,也是有效推进中国社区社会工作深入开展的现实需要。在分析目前中国社区志愿服务存在的问题及其原因的基础上,如何发挥其应有的作用,对改进社区志愿服务提出了几点建议。     

突发公共事件中的志愿者组织与管理：问题和对策——以汶川5．12大地震为例

四川汶川“5．12”特大地震灾害发生后，民间的志愿运动掀起了一个新的高潮。据媒体报道仅登记直接参与抗震救灾志愿服务的志愿者就已达十余万人，另有近四百万的志愿者在积极参与各种志愿服务，成为抗震救灾一支重要突击力量。这是一次公民志愿服务意识在灾难面前的空前高涨，面对如此巨大的民间力量和逐渐形成的公民社会，我们非常有必要在充分认识灾区志愿者的基础上，结合实际分析志愿者在组织和管理上存在的问题，进而提出一些建议和对策。     

大学生志愿服务精神培育的问题及对策

面对信息化发展中志愿服务活动的变化和志愿服务精神的演变,当代大学生志愿服务精神培育还存在诸多问题和不足。本文首先对大学生志愿服务精神的内涵进行了解释,分析当前高校志愿服务开展情况,指出高校在培育大学生志愿服务精神存在的问题和原因,进而提出了优化大学生志愿服务精神培育的相关对策。     

推进广州志愿服务常态化发展的对策建议——基于广州市志愿服务现状的调查与分析

本文揭示了广州市志愿者群体在职业、年龄、学历、政治面貌、户籍、婚姻状况、性别等方面变量的分布特征；展示了志愿者和市民对“志愿服务意义”、“参加志愿服务的动因”、“志愿服务的效果”、“应该加强哪些领域的志愿服务”等方面的认知和评价；分析归纳了制约广州市志愿服务常态化发展的主要因素；提出了促进广州市志愿服务常态化发展的对策建议.     

中国古代酒徒类型的演进

饮酒很早就成为中国古代相当一部分文人的重要生活内容。从上古到北宋,不同的社会文化背景下的文人心态不同,饮酒动机、态度自然也就不同,不同的饮酒动机、态度造就了几种有较明显差异的酒徒类型,依时代次序先后为及时行乐型、韬晦自全性、道家境界体验型、迷狂型和儒家境界体验型五种类型。五种类型演进的轨迹甚明,极大地丰富了酒的文化内涵。     

Senior centres in the lives of older Americans: implications for Chinese older adults

As a critical community resource, the senior centre has provided older Americans with a wide array of recreational, nutritional, health, and social service programmes. Funding resources include the Older Americans Act allocations, local organisations and governments, national charities, voluntary associations, and religious associations. The types of programmes offered at a senior centre reflect two models: social agency model or voluntary organisation model. The five most popular programmes are nutrition, health and fitness, recreation, volunteering, and social services. Participation in senior centre activities has positive impacts on the overall well-being of older adult participants. With the rapid growth in the ageing population and improved life expectancy in China, senior centres may serve as a focal point for Chinese older adults by providing a broad spectrum of social services to enhance the well-being of community-dwelling older adults, to support their independence and dignity, and to facilitate ageing in place in later life.     

Partnership between the probation service and voluntary sector organizations

Summary This paper considers the development of inter-agency partnershipsbetween the probation service and voluntary sector organizationsin the early 1990s in England and Wales and reports the resultsof research by the author and their implications for youth justicearrangements outlined in the recent 1998 Crime and DisorderAct. The article outlines the development of probation partnershipsand the impact of changes to probation services, voluntary organizationsand service users which include: a shift towards purchaser-providerand contract-based arrangements; voluntary organizations takingon a role to work with involuntary clients; and the introductionof a discourse on partnerships which marginalizes small, informalvoluntary groups. These findings are then considered in relationto the Crime and Disorder Partnerships for crime preventionwhich form a crucial part of the 1988 Criminal Justice Act.The Crime and Disorder Partnerships have less emphasis on amanagerialist agenda but offer no extra resources and this articlesuggests that they may therefore not result in significant benefitsfor agencies working with young offenders.     

奥运志愿活动与北京市社会志愿服务体系的建设

近年来,我国的社会志愿服务体系建设发展迅速,但在快速发展的同时,整体上存在着志愿服务机制不成熟、活动质量不高、力量分散、参与面不够广等问题。2008年北京奥运会志愿者工作对我国的志愿服务体系建设产生了重大影响。本文建议认真总结奥运会志愿者服务活动的经验,并以此为契机,采取多种方式完善和发展志愿者服务体系。     

环境保护、群体压力还是利益波及:厦门居民PX环境运动参与行为的动机分析

根据2008年在厦门市收集到的问卷调查数据,本文分析了厦门市居民参与PX环境运动的动机。分析表明,居民的参与行为可以分为信息性参与、诉求性参与和抗争性参与三种类型;社会动机是影响居民各类参与行为最为显著的共同因素;一般环保动机会影响信息性参与,自利动机和厦门环保动机可以促进诉求性参与,而自利动机会影响抗争性参与。厦门PX环境运动具有“群体动员”的特点。厦门居民参与PX环境运动只体现出浅层的公民性,非政府组织的功能缺失是造成这一局面的重要深层原因之一。     

Measuring the Propensity to Volunteer

As charities are expected to take on more and more of the provision of services to the disadvantaged, they will be calling on volunteers to support that work. The use of volunteers means important cost savings when compared to the use of paid service providers, thus giving one advantage to the voluntary sector when bidding in the mixed economy of welfare. Given the potential for increased use of volunteers, questions of motivation and commitment become very important. Volunteers make up a significant proportion of the human resources used to service social needs, yet previous research has not made it clear why and how volunteers come to give so much of themselves. This research demonstrates that there is an underlying Volunteerism–Activism Attitude which can be measured, and which holds within its four dimensions the key motivations for volunteering. Use of the scale measuring this attitude allows prediction of those people who are most likely (and least likely) to volunteer for charity activity. For charities the scale might provide a useful tool in managing the personnel with whom they are now expected to bid in the quasi-markets of service provision.     

国外公共服务府际协作供给研究--基于地方府际协议的视角

公共服务府际协作供给是地方政府提供公共服务的手段之一。什么因素影响地方政府协作的动机与行为？这种协作提供公共服务的方式是否有效？近20年来，西方公共管理学界基于地方府际协议（ Interlocal Agreements， ILAs）这一载体，正不断推进上述问题的研究。综合西方学者对于ILAs的研究，归纳和总结出当前关于公共服务府际协作供给的动因及成效，以期能够为中国学者的府际协作主题研究提供借鉴。     

基于模糊C-均值聚类的能源消费结构分析

采用模糊C-均值聚类方法,对我国各省市的能源消费结构聚成五类,讨论各种类型消费结构的特点,并对决定能源消费结构的主要因素(资源禀赋、科技与人力资本素质、产业结构、区位条件等)进行分析,有助于理清经济发展中科技进步与能源消费的系统关系,改善能源结构、提高能源利用效率。     

The power of boards in service providing agencies: three models

Tensions in the relationship between boards and staff are a common feature of voluntary and nonprofit agencies which deliver services. Many of the difficulties reflect lack of clarity about the power of boards. The author describes three models of governance: traditional, membership, and entrepreneurial. Each model has different implications for the power of a board in relation to staff. Practitioners in nonprofit service delivering agencies in the UK have found the models to be a useful tool for explaining the practical difficulties they experience.     

Opportunities and Risks: Models of Good Practice in Commissioning Foster-Care

Local authorities in Britain have been purchasing foster placementsand related services from independent fostering agencies orproviders (IFPs) for many years. These are often made on anunplanned or ‘spot purchased’ basis and many localauthorities have incurred significant budgetary overspends orbeen criticized for poor child-care practice. In parts of theUSA and Australia, governments have required public authoritiesto ‘outsource’ all or most of their foster-careresponsibilities to private or voluntary agencies. Where thesehave been independently evaluated, a number of deficits havebeen identified. A middle position of local authorities andIFPs entering into service level or contractual agreements hasemerged in Britain where each sector attempts to plan and matchits respective needs and services and to predict and controlcosts. This paper explores how some local authority and IFPmanagers have developed working arrangements with one anotherin order to achieve this position. At a time when the Britishgovernment is providing a strong policy steer towards inter-sectorcommissioning in foster-care, this paper suggests a frameworkfor collaboration.     

从市场检验到政府职能转变——北京市公共服务供给模式改革分析

20世纪80年代以来,在"新公共管理"运动的推动下,以英国、新西兰、澳大利亚为代表的一些国家普遍实行了"公共服务市场化"改革。这一改革浪潮席卷世界,并逐步发展成为大多数国家转变政府职能的一种主流模式。实践证明,与传统的政府"自给自足"和"垄断供应"模式相比,以市场检验为标志的公共服务改革大大降低了公共服务供给成本,提高了公共服务效率,改善了公共部门运行绩效,并为充分运用市场力量推动政府改革提供了新的机遇和动力。