延边州农村大龄未婚男青年情况调查报告

随着经济和社会的发展,延边在人口方面出现了一些新情况和新问题,其中农村大龄男青年择偶难的问题尤为突出,边远山区和边境沿线更是如此。农村大龄男青年择偶难已成为社会潜在的不安定因素。农村大龄男青年择偶难的原因是多方面的,解决问题的关键是要通过本人、家庭、各级政府以及社会各方面的共同努力,帮助他们提高文化素质,提高致富能力,改变现状,改善他们的生活环境,帮助他们尽快解决择偶难问题。     

两性择偶标准的差异研究

通过1989-1999年十年间《女友》杂志中的征婚启事,本文对我国男性和女性的择偶标准的进行了分析。结果表明,女性和男性的择偶标准存在着很大差异:和男性相比,女性在择偶时更重视对方的经济条件、职业及生活地区等方面。而男性对女方外貌性格等方面的要求比较多,他们选择妻     

新生代农民工择偶标准及影响因素分析

新生代农民工择偶标准正处于传统到现代的转变过程,表现出高标准和多元化趋势。从影响因素来看,男性择偶标准高于女性;家庭背景对择偶标准的影响在减弱;流动经历、城市融人促进了新生代农民工择偶标准从传统到现代的转变;但大众传媒却对新生代农民工择偶标准造成了一定的负面影响。     

流动人口的择偶模式及其影响因素——以厦门市流动人口为例

利用“厦门市流动人口婚姻家庭抽样调查”的数据,描述流动人口择偶模式的主要特征,对流入厦门的流动人口的择偶意愿、目的、时间、标准以及途径等进行多元回归分析,在此基础上提出优化流动人口择偶模式的对策建议。分析结果表明,流动人口在对择偶模式的选择和实践上越来越重视自身的需要和体验;在各种假想的影响因素中,教育、性别和年龄的作用最大,流出的时间和收入水平的影响却相对比较微弱。     

中西方女性择偶观念之对比

择偶,是婚姻的初始,就其理性分析,无论是东西方,择偶均要受地域、种族、宗教、阶级、性别、年龄、文化、情感、经济等主客观因素的制约。谈中西方女性择偶观念的疏同,实质上是对中西方所展示的女性文化乃至思想文化的一部分加以比较。由于人们普遍受社会伦理道德的制约,人文思想的熏陶,文化的积淀对人格的规范,无论是东西方女性,择偶观念的形成,都体现着一个漫长而具体的历史过程对人的思想行为的规范。 一、当代择偶现象的思考 诸多择偶的表现形式,反映出社会正处于转型期所呈现出的不完全公正和规范的层面上的特点,市场经济理论的建立和市场经济实践的发展,带来了人们对婚姻与家庭的一系列思考,尤其是择偶形式的丰富多姿。台湾资深妇女问题顾问、专栏作家施寄青讲:“时代在变,潮流在变,社会也在变,现在人的婚姻观念也在转型”。其中包括择偶观念的转型。 其一,把择偶定位在自由选择这一基础之上。自由选择配偶,是个性张扬的具体体现。虽然有许多人的选择,最后需经老人点头,但最终决定权在选择者。 其二,择偶的概念呈模糊性。表现在择偶并非完全为了谈婚论嫁,故而出现了选择一位异性伴侣同居,试婚,做“二奶”,傍“大款”等。     

对当代青年择偶行为变化的探讨--评《性别失衡与青年择偶》北大核心CSSCI

在当今社会日益多元化的新时代,我国青年的择偶行为呈现出一些新特征,这不仅关乎青年自身及其家庭利益,更是关系着社会的和谐稳定。因此,深入了解青年择偶行为特征、探寻影响择偶行为的结构性因素是一项十分重要的研究课题。由河北大学贾志科副教授所著的《性别失衡与青年择偶》(社会科学文献出版社,2019年版)一书为我们呈现了性别失衡这一结构性因素对青年择偶行为的影响。展卷细读,笔者发现该书具有较强的针对性、科学性和探索性。     

第一代独生子女择偶观初探

第一代独生子女群体与非独生子女群体在择偶观方面差异不太明显,＂道德品质＂成为择偶的首选标准,择偶的自主性上体现了中庸之道,＂男大女小＂和＂男女差不多＂是择偶的最佳年龄组和方式,＂趋同与求强＂是择偶的最优能力组合方式,＂自由恋爱＂的择偶方式备受青睐。第一代独生子女群体的择偶观总体体现了＂扬＂与＂弃＂的统一,其中内部各群体的择偶观体现了相似性和差异性的统一。     

大学生婚恋观及其性观念调查

（接上期） 三、对大学生择偶观的描述与分析对大学生择偶观的调查主要是通过择偶途径和择偶标；隹来说明的。从调查结果看，绝大多数的学生愿意自己认识将来的结婚对象，占总数的83．9％：其余的学生愿意通过朋友、父母或其他途径认识将来的配偶。其中，愿意朋友介绍的人数又比通过父母介绍的人多一点。由此看来，当代大学生的自主意识是非常强的，他们对自己在各方面都要求更多的独立性，以显示自己作为个体的独特性，同时接触的信息的渠道也非常的广泛，择偶机会也在不断增加，交友和择偶的选择范围也在不断扩大，尤其随着网络技术的普遍应用，越来越多的人选择在网上交友，使人们的交往范围显著扩大，出现了一些例如QQ交友或聊天交友的新型途径。因此，绝大多数的大学生希望能够通过自己的途径来认识将来的配偶。     

农村妇女择偶问题调查

农村妇女的择偶问题是关系婚姻、家庭与生育的大事,弄清她们的择偶情况,对于提倡晚婚晚育,实行计划生育有好处.1989年我们曾在湖北省襄阳、荆门、枝城、石首、潜江五县市农村进行过调查,现将其整理出来以供参考.一、农村妇女择偶活动的年龄择偶活动年龄的早迟会影响妇女初婚初育的年龄,早恋就会早婚,晚恋就会晚婚.对于农村妇女择偶活动的年龄.拟分已婚育龄妇女、有男朋友未婚育龄妇女及没有男朋友育龄妇女三个层次进行介绍,其情况如下:     

同村择偶现象分析

近年来,部分地区通婚圈越走越小。在有些农村,同村择偶竟成为普遍现象。去年,某乡对已婚育龄妇女实行挂牌管理,在统计中发现同村择偶的约占25％,有的村竟占40％;某村同村择偶数量1986年为4对,到1991年上升到12对,占同期男女青年结婚总数的45％,调查发现,同村择偶     

Attachment Relationships and Psychological Adjustment of Married Adults

The present study explored relations among remembered parental (paternal and maternal) acceptance in childhood, spouse acceptance and psychological adjustment of adults. It also explored whether remembered childhood experiences of parental acceptance mediate the relation between perceived spouse acceptance and psychological adjustment. The sample consisted of 354 married adult men (178) and women (176). Results showed that the more accepting both men and women perceived their spouses to be, the better was their psychological adjustment. Similarly, the more accepting both men and women remembered their parents had been to them during childhood, the better was their psychological adjustment. Standard multiple regression analyses revealed that paternal acceptance mediated the relation between perceived spouse acceptance and the psychological adjustment of both men and women. In addition, remembered maternal acceptance mediated the relation between men’s (but not women’s) perceived spouse acceptance and psychological adjustment.     

"I Do" or Don't:

Although the health and social benefits of physical activity have been well documented, a majority of females at every life stage are insufficiently active to acquire those benefits. Explanations for this lack of commitment to physical activity have not been found. Marriage, as a social role and life circumstance, has been neglected as a possible explanation for the inactive lie patterns of women. This paper highlights the available scientific evidence on the relationships of marital status and spousal influence with the leisure-time physical activity of women throughout the lifespan. Research showed that women's leisure-time physical activity decreased upon marriage. The major factor in the maintenance of healthy levels of exercise for married women at all ages appeared to be a physically active and supportive spouse.     

How Does the Age Gap Between Partners Affect Their Survival?

I use hazard regression methods to examine how the age difference between spouses affects their survival. In many countries, the age difference between spouses at marriage has remained relatively stable for several decades. In Denmark, men are, on average, about three years older than the women they marry. Previous studies of the age gap between spouses with respect to mortality found that having a younger spouse is beneficial, while having an older spouse is detrimental for one’s own survival. Most of the observed effects could not be explained satisfactorily until now, mainly because of methodological drawbacks and insufficiency of the data. The most common explanations refer to selection effects, caregiving in later life, and some positive psychological and sociological effects of having a younger spouse. The present study extends earlier work by using longitudinal Danish register data that include the entire history of key demographic events of the whole population from 1990 onward. Controlling for confounding factors such as education and wealth, results suggest that having a younger spouse is beneficial for men but detrimental for women, while having an older spouse is detrimental for both sexes.     

A Profile of the World's Young Developing Country International Migrants

Individual‐level census and household survey data are used to present a rich profile of young developing country international migrants around the world. They are found to comprise a large share of the flow of migrants, particularly among migrants to other developing countries, with the age distribution of migrants peaking in the late teens or early twenties. Detailed data are presented on the age and sex composition of migrants, on whether young migrants move alone or with a parent or spouse, on their participation in schooling and work in the destination country, on the types of jobs they have, and on the incidence and age of return migration. The results suggest a high degree of commonality in the youth immigrant experience across a number of destination countries. Recent developing country young migrants tend to work in similar occupations and are more concentrated in these occupations than recent older migrants or young immigrants who arrived at an earlier age. Nevertheless, there is also considerable heterogeneity among young immigrants with respect to school attendance and work in their destination country. The potential of international migration for building human capital is significant but far from being fully used.     

中国老人丧偶与其死亡风险的关系分析——配偶照顾的作用

文章基于中国老人健康长寿影响因素研究数据(1998~2005),利用Cox比例风险模型考察了中国老人丧偶对其死亡风险的影响机制,并深入分析了配偶照顾因素在降低老人死亡风险中的作用。结果发现:丧偶与死亡风险具有显著的关系,一般而言,长期丧偶老人的死亡风险显著地高于长期有偶的老人。而且,除了高龄女性老人之外,老人在丧偶初期,其死亡风险会大大增加。在解释丧偶是如何影响老人的死亡风险时,配偶的照顾是一个非常重要的因素,在控制配偶照顾的条件下,丧偶者与有偶者的死亡风险差异会大幅下降,这说明来自配偶的生活照顾对于老人的寿命发挥着重要影响。此外,本研究也发现配偶照顾的作用具有显著的性别差异和年龄组差异。     

Exploring self-care among dementia caregivers:the role of perceived support in accomplishing exercise goals

Support provided by family and friends may influence the extent to which older women who are primary caregivers for a spouse with dementia adhere to an exercise routine. The current study reports on qualitative interviews with 30 older female caregivers taking part in an exercise intervention regarding the support they received for their exercise goals. Results indicate that nearly all women received some level of verbal encouragement from family and friends, though far fewer had exercise partners or someone to stay with their husbands while they exercised. To reflect the wide variation observed in the amount of exercise support received and needed by caregivers, a typology of support situations was constructed as follows: Self-reliant, Well-supported, Under-supported, and Superfluous support. Implications for future exercise interventions targeting this population are discussed.     

女性健康风险冲击对配偶劳动供给的影响研究

不可预期的疾病是45岁以上中老年劳动者经常面临的健康风险冲击.个体的健康风险冲击将会对配偶的劳动供给行为带来两个方面的影响,一是配偶为了照护患病个体将会减少劳动供给;二是因患病消费增加,收入减少,配偶将会增加劳动供给.本文采用中国健康和养老追踪调查2011-2018纵向调查数据实证检验这两方面的效应.本文研究发现当女性...     

Women's autonomy,women's status and fertility-related behavior in Zimbabwe

Women's household decision-making autonomy is a potentially important but less studied indicator of women's ability to control their fertility. Using a DHS sample of 3,701 married black African women from Zimbabwe, I look at women who have no say in major purchases, whether they should work outside the home,and the number of children. When men dominated all household decisions, women were less likely to approve of contraceptive use, discuss their desired number of children with their spouse, report ever use of a modern method of contraception, and to intend to use contraception in the future. However, women's decision-making autonomy was not associated with current modern contraceptive use. Women who had no decision-making autonomy had 0.26 more children than women who had some autonomy. These autonomy measures provide additional independent explanatory power of fertility-related behavior net of traditional measures of women's status such as education and labor force participation.