性社会学视角下的80后一代—性脚本视野中的考察

性脚本理论强调人的性发育不仅仅是一个生理成长的过程，更是个人认同和归化于自己所处社会的性文化的过程，而且恰恰是后者塑造了人的各种性行为。在此理论视野内。利用“2006年中国成年人性调查”数据考察了80后一代性脚本（性观念、性态度和性知识）的代际特征。此外，进一步分析发现，80后一代在性脚本上表现出一定的性别差异、城乡差异。     

在灾难中成长——中国“80后”、“90后”坚强面对汶川大地震

在中国，1980年以后和1990年以后出生的青少年分别被称为“80后”、“90后”。他们多是独生子女，集全家几代人的关爱于一身，强调自我价值，追求个性张扬，但却缺乏自理能力和社会责任感。在很多人眼中，他们是“被惯坏”的群体。     

中国青少年的性观念

中国青少年的性观念一直是较少有人涉足的研究领域。利用1988年在四川省搜集的调查数据试图进行两方面的分析:其一,描述青少年对婚前性行为的群体态度;其二,测定影响青少年性观念的主要因素。在第二方面的分析中,我们用影响青少年性观念的预测变量估测了几个回归方程。旨在反映中美两国在这一问题上的主要相似处和相异处;并表明尽管有严格的法律和道德力量的约束,中国的青少年在某种程度上强烈反对这个年龄的性接触,但对他人走入“禁区”却表现出理解和宽容。     

唯生殖性观念对人口发展的影响

<正> 树立科学的性观念,使之从唯生殖性观念的禁锢中解脱出来,将有利于我国的人口控制,从而使我国人口的发展适应社会和经济发展的要求。这不仅是控制我国人口发展的一项积极社会措施,也有重要的理论意义。唯生殖目的性观念长期占据统治地位从理论上讲,科学的性观念应是性现象尤其是性交现象的基本社会功能在社会意识形态中的反映。性交观念反映了哪些基本社会功能呢?其一是性交观念客观反     

广东省“80后”非户籍人口初步分析

“80后”非户籍人口已经是广东省人口中的重要组成部分，在一些行业中他们举足轻重。相对于留在农村家乡的人来说，他们教育程度更高，更有进取精神，也得到更好的职业。虽然广东已经离不开他们，但是他们在城市里往往处于相对被边缘化的处境。由于“80后”的成长历程，他们中相当一部分人将长期在现在工作的地点生存，因此让他们融入当地社会是必须的。     

中国的后人口转变及其特殊性

中国在 2 0世纪 80年代已经完成了传统意义上的人口转变 ,目前已经进入了后人口转变时期。中国的后人口转变与先发人口转变国家相比 ,有着复杂性、超前性和政策性等特点。正确认识到中国已经完成人口转变 ,以及中国后人口转变的特殊性 ,将更加有利于我们认识中国人口的现状 ,便于我们在人口政策及相关社会经济政策中作及时的调整     

大学生婚恋观及其性观念调查之二

二．对当代青年婚恋观和性观念变动特点及发展趋势的分析 1．江西教育科研杂志1999年第4期中刊登了一篇《社会变迁与青少年性观念》的文章。笔者随机抽取了广州市四所普通中学初中、高中各四个班的学生共433人进行问卷调查，并与1991年的调查对比提出随着社会变迁，开放地区中学生的性观念具有如下特点和发展趋势：（1）本体性意识增强，反映积极。（2）性心理较健康，积极开放。（3）性道德观念趋于淡化。（4）对性知识探索和渴求的欲望强烈。     

后危机时代促进就业的路径选择

就业问题是关系到我国经济增长的关键问题,是我国及国际社会都普遍关注的重要问题之一.随着世界多级化趋势愈加明显、经济全球化继续深入发展和中国劳动就业形势的不断变化,研究中国劳动就业问题更具理论探索和现实意义.通过对金融危机后我国当前宏观经济环境和就业形势的分析,为更有效的促进就业提供路径选择.     

“80后”农民工择偶模式研究

本文通过对528份有效调查问卷的统计分析得知:80后农民工由于特殊的成长环境和成长经历,他们在择偶上出现了年龄偏早化、择偶观念逆传统化、婚期选择集中化等趋势。针对这种变化,笔者认为构建科学合理的择偶模式势在必行,政府、家庭、社会和个人应各尽其责,协调合作,帮助他们树立正确的人生观、价值观和择偶观,更好地促进社会主义新农村的建设。     

80年代中国生育率的变动与社会经济因素的分析

80年代是中国社会经济进入全面改革开放的年代,这种变化不能不对中国育龄妇女生育率产生深刻的影响,其影响首先表现在人口学因素的变化上。 本文主要利用全国2‰生育节育抽样调查数据,对80年代中国生育率的变动,进行社会经济因素的分析。分析对象为总和生育率。该项调查是在1988年年中进行的,分析年度截止1987年。     

Role of the social and cultural factors in human fertility in India

During the 1940s and 1950s in India, a relatively low level of fertility of 6–8 children per woman of unbroken marriage is implicated by the social and cultural factors; the fertility was probably depressed by 15–20 percent. An appraisal of the trends over the last 2–3 decades of the pertinent variables—age at marriage (an early and almost universal marriage); the widow remarriage rates; the induced abortion rate; postpartum infecundability (breastfeeding) and postpartum abstinence; the son preference; and the other sexual attitudes and taboos—suggests that during the late 1970s and early 1980s, the fertility enhancing and retarding forces were offsetting each other. But, over the next two decades, the variables responsible for enhancing the fertility level will play a more dominant role than the corresponding fertility-reducing factors. However, the role of induced abortion remains somewhat unclear. For any significant reductions in the national crude birth rate in India during the 1990s, the family planning efforts will have to be considerably accelerated.     

Economic mobility of young workers in the 1970s and 1980s

This paper uses longitudinal data to estimate cohort changes in the earnings trajectories of young adult males. Levels of earnings are uniformly lower for male workers turning 21 between 1980 and 1991 than in 1970-1979, although rates of earnings growth are roughly comparable. Among males turning 21 before 1980, six in 10 (60%) of all men and seven in 10 (71%) college-educated men attained earnings levels by age 30 that were at least twice the poverty level. Corresponding fractions for workers turning 21 between 1980 and 1991 were considerably lower (42% and 56%). Recent cohorts from all demographic subgroups appeared to have more difficulty than older cohorts in attaining middle-class earnings.     

广东“80后”生育意愿及其影响因素研究

改革开放后出生的一代人的生育意愿和意愿生育数量将表现出与父辈们不同的特征。本文采用广东省人口和计划生育委员会支持的调研数据,并通过实证研究发现：个人受教育程度、家庭收入、户籍状况、家庭结构及财产状况等因素共同影响着初育年龄意愿、理想生育数和生育性别意愿。总体来看,教育程度与经济因素是影响“80后”生育意愿的主要因素。同时,家庭养老压力也在一定程度上影响到他们的生育意愿。     

A stalled revolution? Gender role attitudes in Australia, 1986–2005

This paper examines trends over time in attitudes to gender equality in Australia. We use data from repeated cross-sectional surveys in Australia to investigate trends in beliefs about men’s and women’s work and family roles between 1986 and 2005. We find that men are consistently more conservative than women, that younger cohorts tend to be less conservative than older cohorts, but those born between 1960 and 1980 are more egalitarian on some issues than those born after 1980. There is also evidence that the overall trend toward more egalitarian gender attitudes is most marked in Australia up until the mid-1990s with the trend flattening and in some cases, even reversing after this period. The paper concludes that there is currently a period of relative stability in gender attitudes in Australia, but with some tendency toward more conservative views.     

Social Reporting in the 1970s and in the 1990s

In this paper I give an account of the major welfare conceptsand social reporting concepts of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. Inconclusion I discuss possibilities and limits of social reporting today.Quality of life and qualitative growth were the welfare programs of the1970s. The next decade saw a trend to individualization, subjectivewell-being and plurality of life styles. In the last decade the qualityof society once more came into the forefront in concepts likesustainable development, human development and social capital. From thefar-reaching program of the social indicators movement socialreports are the most visible results in many countries whereas ambitiousplans like national goals accounting failed. In the 1980s we watched akind of dissolution by diffusion and in the 1990s a revival inseveral fields. Overall, the monitoring and enlightenment function stillis the most important contribution of social reporting but today on ahigher level of data, methods and international comparisons.     

Trends and geographic differentials in mortality under age 60 in India

The study examines overall and region-specific mortality changes and regional mortality variation in India since the 1970s, using data from the Sample Registration System (SRS). An evaluation of the quality of SRS data confirms their reliability for children and adults under age 60. The results suggest the convergence of mortality across the regions of India with important inter-state differences in the pace of health improvements over time. After spectacular progress during the 1970s and the 1980s, many Indian states have witnessed slower mortality improvements in both young and adult age groups. India faces difficulties in making further reductions in infant mortality and in the burden of chronic and man-made diseases at adult ages.     

Increasing Use of Ageist Language in Skin-Care Product Advertising:

This study examined frequencies in the use of ageist language in skin-care product advertisements in Vogue magazine from 1969 through 1988 to determine any trends. Findings indicate that there has been a statistically significant nonlinear increase in the frequency of use of ageist language in skin-care product advertising in Vogue magazine over the 20-year study period. That is, data show a decline throughout the 1970's with a marked rise in the 1980's. Possible influencing factors may reflect changes in Vogue's readership related to cohort age range, increased educational and personal income levels, and work force participation, inflation rates, and fear of aging.     

Suicide mortality in Australia, 1970–1991

This paper contains results of a study into changes in rates of suicide in Australia in the 1970s and 1980s. The study found that there was a significant divergence of suicide mortality rates between males and females, with male rates increasing in the last twenty years and female rates showing a general decline. The increase in male rates was highest at ages under 30 and over 80 years of age. The differences in rates between marital status groups have remained large. The study also analysed birthplace differentials in suicides and included some data from overseas countries for comparisons.