健康长寿的五把钥匙

人是高级动物，动物就得动，要活就得动。很简单的道理。一定要懂得科学地动，懂得适地当地动，一定要终身地动。当然，静中有动，动中有静，是不能偏离的。锻炼对人体各个系统如循环系统、消化系统、呼吸系统、神经系统、骨骼肌肉系统都有好处，对于提高人的抗病能力、预防富贵病都有好处。     

第七讲 养花的盆土与施肥

动物需要有食物摄入才能生存下去，人类属于高级动物，如果要想生存当然也离不开食物，所以我们每天要吃饭、饮水。其实，植物也是生物，也同样需要不断地给它们提供营养物质，才能够生存，并且健康地生长发育。     

量体运动最有效

健身需要有科学的锻炼方法，体形特征不同的人，应该采取与之相应的运动方式才能更有效。 瘦弱、脂肪少、肌肉力不强、体力也不佳的人，往往内脏器官也不太健康。运动时，应该先慢慢锻炼好基本体力，逐渐强化肌肉力量、持久力及身体柔软度，再进行重量训练，     

香港督导深圳服务的体会——深圳社工督导过程中发现的问题

社工无论经验如何都需要在一个稳定的专业岗位上让他们锻炼专业技巧和工作方法，同时在机构的扶持和督导下，社工们彼此切磋琢磨，才能获得专业成长。而社工大量外派则无从建立起对机构的归属感和深入认识机构的使命，更无法协助辨别社区需要建立自身的服务。     

与动物同在——读《我的动物朋友》

我们知道，人类属于大地，但大地不仅仅属于人类，我们与其它生物分享着这一切。世界万物都是相连的，就像血液把我们身体的各部分联结在一起一样。关爱动物不需要理由，因为，动物与我们同在。     

呵护腰椎，啥时都不晚

腰部是比较容易受伤的部位之一。不论是健康人的腰部，还是已经受伤但尚未出现症状或者已有多种疾病的腰部，都需要经常进行锻炼。     

浅析技工院校的特色教育

技工院校的学生培养具有市场化、一体化、双元化的特色，毕业生在技工院校得到动手动脑的锻炼及相关的岗前培训，在走上工作岗位后普遍受到用人单位的欢迎。但即便如此，技工院校仍需要坚持特色教育，走特色强教之路。     

写作养生

退休以后，主要的任务就是健康长寿了。身体健康，还得精神愉快，这就叫身心俱健。保健的方式很多，各人有各人的办法。我呢，不喜欢垂钓，也不喜欢搓麻将、下象棋，我的养生方式是写作。有人可能会问：动动笔杆子也能健身吗？我的回答是：写作需要搜集素材，这就必须跑腿，锻炼了体能；写作需要构思，这就必须动脑子，锻炼了思维。我今年虽已75岁，但腰不弯，背不驼，耳聪目明，思维清晰，精神焕发，有人说我看上去还只有60岁呢!     

试探合作学习在初中思想品德教学中的有效运用

合作性学习作为新型学习方式，能够更好地适应初中思想品德教学的发展和学生的学习需要，也能够不断培养和锻炼学生的合作能力，促进学生的全面发展。本文就合作学习在初中思想品德教学中的应用展开探讨。     

谁“偷”走了我们的维生素

日常生活中，许多人常有这样的感叹：虽然自己已经增加了锻炼次数，补足了睡眠时间，搭配了丰富的饮食，可还是疲劳。这时，就需要考虑是不是体内营养被“窃贼”偷走了。那么，是谁在扮演营养的“窃贼”的角色呢？     

Dialectic of information? A response to Taylor

This paper is a response to Paul Taylor's review article of the book Critique of Information. The book's main thesis is that critique in the information age must be immanent critique. Taylor reproaches this for neglecting the necessity of a transcendental for critique. The response accepts this criticism. However, it rejects Taylor's aporetic notion of critique. Instead, a dialectical notion of critique is proposed. Like all dialectics this informational dialectic is one of materiality and idea. The major difference in the information age, however, is that there is a tendency for the material and the ideal to fuse in information itself. Thus the critique of information, it is argued, is a sort of immanent dialectic. This notion of critique is illustrated with reference to media art and metadata. Throughout there is an engagement with Taylor of the political implications of such critique.     

Coercion,contract and the limits of the market

It is a widely accepted principle of economics that if two or more adults voluntarily agree to a contract or an exchange that has no negative fall-out on others, then the government should not stop such a contract. This is often called the ‘principle of free contract’ (PFC). There is a body of writing in economics which upholds the PFC. Yet this ubiquitous principle is ill-defined and full of ambiguities. For instance, since it refers to voluntary choice, its proper use presumes an understanding of what is ‘voluntary’ and, therefore, also, of what is coercive. What is ironic is that, while philosophers and legal scholars have debated and analyzed these concepts and the validity of the principle of free contract, there is very little discussion of these in economics, even though so much of economics is founded on this principle. This has caused a lot of policy confusion. The aim of this paper is to construct general rules for when we may violate the PFC. The argument is constructed within the Paretian framework. Hence, the violation of the PFC is not justified by appeal to deontological ethics or non-welfarist criteria. This is not an easy task since the principle of free contract is often viewed as a rule that is a derivative of the Pareto principle.     

Interrogating the Relationship between Remigration and Sustainable Return

Assisted voluntary return is a central component of many countries managed migration policies. Within these programmes achieving a sustainable return is a common policy goal, which is often measured through remigration. In this paper, it is argued that remigration is not a valid indicator to measure sustainable return. A new definition and approach to defining and measuring sustainable return is presented based on a multidimensional return and reintegration index, which is tested with a sample of 118 returnees in six countries. Due to small sample size a chi‐square test is used to examine the correlation between the return and reintegration index and remigration intentions. The results demonstrate the relationship between having a concrete remigration plan and the return and reintegration index is insignificant. This relationship between remigration and sustainable return is further interrogated throughout the paper.     

Ignored,Neglected, And Abused: The Behavior Variable In Attitude-Behavior Research

A fundamental area of concern for social scientists is the relationship between attitudes and behavior. In recent years there has been a plethora of work on the attitude-behavior relationship. This work is examined in light of earlier theoretical and methodological critiques offered by Blumer and Deutscher. Of specific concern is the conceptualization and measurement of behavior. A comprehensive collection of sixty-two recently published articles on the topic are examined. It is found that little consideration is given to how behavior is conceptualized and measured. One result of the treatment which it receives is that studies remain contradictory in their findings. Researchers can better contribute to theoretical and methodological advances by heeding interactionist advice to adopt techniques which respect the constructed nature of the social world. A promising foundation upon which to build is suggested by two theoretical pieces in the sample.     

A necessary and sufficient condition for stable matching rules to be strategy-proof

We study one-to-one matching problems and analyze conditions on preference domains that admit the existence of stable and strategy-proof rules. In this context, when a preference domain is unrestricted, it is known that no stable rule is strategy-proof. We introduce the notion of the no-detour condition, and show that under this condition, there is a stable and group strategy-proof rule. In addition, we show that when the men’s preference domain is unrestricted, the no-detour condition is also a necessary condition for the existence of stable and strategy-proof rules. As a result, under the assumption that the men’s preference domain is unrestricted, the following three statements are equivalent: (i) a preference domain satisfies the no-detour condition, (ii) there is a stable and group strategy-proof rule, (iii) there is a stable and strategy-proof rule.     

Understanding the Russian Health Crisis: a Sociological Perspective

This essay applies a sociological perspective to the health crisis in Russia by delving increasingly deeper into the layers of causes. The major characteristic of this crisis is the decline in life expectancy among men and the relative stagnation of longevity among women. The primary cause is increased cardiovascular disease and alcohol-related poisoning and accidents. However, in order to determine the ultimate cause, it is necessary to examine secondary level factors to explain what is responsible for the rise in heart disease and alcohol-based afflictions. Several secondary factors were considered, including infectious disease, poor medical care, environmental pollution, policy, and stress, but the strongest evidence supported negative health lifestyles. The next step is find what is causing a lifestyle harmful to male health in particular and while stress is likely important – the best tertiary level cause is the deeply embedded working-class style of heavy drinking that is normative in Russia.     

Constructing a Focal Formulation and Hypothesis in Family Therapy

This paper is an account of the use of a focal formulation as part of a method of brief focal family therapy. The history of the focal approach is outlined and the concept of focal hypothesis examined. The theoretical basis of the approach is discussed by considering the way meaning in a family is expressed. Two forms of meaning are described: surface action, which is the current content of interaction, and depth structure, which is its context and is based in subjective history. A case example is provided to illustrate the application of the concepts, therapeutic implications, and the basis of outcome evaluation.     

On natural-social commodities. The form and value of things

This article re-reads Marx's account of the commodity as a socio-natural entity. In doing so, it re-evaluates the status of the political (as opposed to questions of political economy) in Marx's analysis and also reads his argument in light of Actor-Network-Theory's call for the thingness of things to be taken seriously. The paper argues that there is a complex duality to the commodity as it is always comprised of both use-value and exchange-value and hence as both 'natural' and 'social'. It is pointed out that the usual translation of words with the root 'gesellschaft-' as 'social' is unhelpful and that a better term would be 'societal', as this enables Marx, and us, to re-approach the very distinction between the natural, the societal and the social. Marx's notion of 'value as equivalence' is then outlined and it is argued that this crucial stage in his account is often passed over. Value as equivalence is not a mere social production but relies upon the expression of the use-value of one thing in another. This leads to the third move which is an outline of the importance of value-form and social form. It is argued that it is this formation of a commodity (comprising both the natural and the social) which is the key both to understanding it as a specific historical entity as well as offering a powerful, non-reductive, account of the natural, social, material and historical character of things. Overall, the article attempts to develop a novel conception of natural-social commodities which does not premise either side of this dyad and so might help social theorists to talk of real things whilst avoiding charges of essentialism and reductionism as well as possible Latourian critiques of over-generalization.     

“屌丝”现象的解读与价值观建构

"屌丝"不仅仅是一个单纯的网络热词,而是形成了一种传播速度极快、认可度极高的独特文化现象。"屌丝"现象展现出他们物质贫乏、精神贫血、话语弱势的特征,其流行的现实根源在于贫富差距过大、社会结构不合理和社会事业发展不均衡。因此,从构建社会主义核心价值观的"屌丝"群体认同机制、加快落实社会公平正义的保障机制、坚持民主与主体原则实现对"屌丝"的优化机制3个方面建构"屌丝"的价值观显得极为紧迫。     

Strategy-proof allocation of indivisible goods

Strategy-proof allocation of a finite number of indivisible goods among a finite number of individuals is considered. The main result is that in a pure distributional case, a mechanism is strategy-proof, nonbossy and neutral if and only if it is serially dictatorial. If the indivisible goods are initially owned by the individuals, a mechanism is strategy-proof, individually rational and Pareto consistent if and only if it is the core mechanism. Received: 15 September 1997/Accepted: 12 May 1998