论西藏主体功能区划

西藏高原是青藏高原的主体,是全球独特的生态地域单元,拥有许多特殊和特有的生态系统类型,其生态过程对保障我国乃至东亚生态安全具有独特的屏障作用。受全球气候变化和人类活动的影响,西藏生态环境问题日趋凸显,生态安全屏障功能受到威胁。文章在上述分析基础上,提出了构建西藏主体功能区划的思路和生态屏障以及区域开发体系的构架。按照西藏生态经济分区和主体功能区划分的原则,在分析西藏生态经济系统和区域经济开发系统的结构与功能的地域差异的基础上,提出了西藏主体功能区划的总体布局。     

Voices of Homeless Parents

Abstract

Homeless families with children comprise approximately 40% of homeless people and the fastest-growing group among the homeless. However, the pain and suffering faced by homeless parents, especially single mothers, as providers for and protectors of their children has yet to be documented and understood. In this paper, we illustrate the frustrations, guilt, confusion, and hope of 50 homeless parents staying at three homeless shelters in two large northeastern cities. We hope that a clear understanding of these parents' subjective experiences of homelessness will contribute to the evaluation and improvement of the effectiveness of social work interventions for homeless families.     

建设云南生态安全屏障的科技需求与对策研究

生态安全屏障问题已经成为我国新时期经济社会发展的重大主题之一,而科技对支撑生态安全建设起着举足轻重的作用。云南是我国“两屏三带一区多点”国家生态安全屏障体系中“黄土高原—川滇生态屏障”的重要组成部分,随着云南省桥头堡建设的推进和国家“一带一路”战略的提出,云南省生态安全屏障建设的科技需求进一步增强。云南生态安全屏障建设的科技需求主要体现在促进生态保护、加强生态治理、推进绿色生态发展三个方面。构建云南省生态安全屏障,应以建设生态科技工程为重要载体和主要抓手,从建设跨境生态雨林、跨境河流、沿边生态走廊、天然林、高原湖泊、节能环保、绿色生态庄园、健康照护基地等方面入手来开展工作。     

广州城市应急避难场所规划建设与管理研究

城市应急避难场所的建设是构成城市应急管理能力的一个基本要件。应急避难场所提供了灾害后,城市开展救援和城市居民进行自救的一个基本场所,因此,应急避难场所在当下城市灾害频繁发生的背景下显得意义十分重大。文章以广州为例,结合广州特大城市的基本特征,探讨大城市在建设应急避难场所实践中存在的一些问题,以特定案例的实践状况开探求大城市建设应急避难场所的可资借鉴的普遍性经验与规律。     

Improving Emergency Care for the Elderly

Much has been written on the developing role for social workers in hospital emergency rooms but little has focused specifically on social work interventions with elderly emergency room patients in an urban teaching hospital. A group of fifty patients over sixty-five years of age, referred to social service for assessment and assistance with home care issues, is described. The emergency room social worker's role with these elderly patients is highlighted and three case examples are discussed. It is argued that social work interventions improve the quality of both emergency and ongoing care for this growing and often at risk population.     

长三角地区能源效率及其影响因素分析

当前我国生产领域中的能源效率远低于发达国家,而长江三角洲是我国主要能耗地区,提高长三角地区的能源效率具有重要的现实意义。选取了长三角内部三省市14年的面板数据,利用能源强度评价长三角地区能源利用现状,通过实证分析长三角内部各省市的能源效率影响因素,结果发现产业结构和市场化程度对能源效率具有正面影响,外向化程度对能源结构具有负面影响。     

Understanding How Policy and Culture Create Oppressive Conditions for LGBTQ2S Youth in the Shelter System

This study examined the experiences that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and two-spirit (LGBTQ2S) homeless youth have in shelters and the disjunctures that occur for this population in Toronto’s shelter system. The attitudes and behaviors of shelter workers and management toward LGBTQ2S youth were also explored. A critical action research approach, informed by critical ethnography and institutional ethnography was employed. Thirty-three people participated in this study in the Greater Toronto Area. The study triangulated data from interviews, focus groups, observations, and document analysis. The systemic enactment of homophobia, transphobia, and hegemonic masculinity are often normalized in shelters and create significant barriers to safe, accessible, and supportive services for LGBTQ2S youth. Excessive bureaucratic regulation and the lack of necessary bureaucratic regulation in highly significant areas play a key role in creating the disjunctures that occur for LGBTQ2S youth in shelters.     

Creating safe spaces: designing day shelters for people experiencing homelessness

Day shelter programs are an important resource for people experiencing homelessness, offering respite from inclement weather, social stigma, victimization, and access to essential services and resources. Creating functional day shelter spaces requires that staff, services, and facilities support the needs of this vulnerable and marginalized population. Little guidance, however, is available regarding the design of day shelter spaces that support service engagement and positive service outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to support the development of a new day shelter in Fort Worth, Texas, identifying and reviewing interdisciplinary resources relevant to the design of these facilities. Based on the review, a preliminary taxonomy emphasizing day shelter client safety, security, dignity and health and well-being is proposed. Additional discussion identifies practical considerations affecting the implementation of the taxonomy, design priorities, and how the taxonomy was applied to the design of the Fort Worth day shelter.     

民国时期青帮与官员的庇荫关系及其形成机理

民国时期的青帮与政府官员所形成的庇荫关系,盘根交错,错综复杂,可以横向地分成两个层次：高层官员与青帮大亨间的庇护与被庇护关系;青帮组织与普通政府官员的庇护与被庇护关系。这种庇荫关系是民国体制内庇护网关系的延伸,是青帮依附于大社会的生存方式,是国民党权威主义政治模式的副产品,它与青帮的组织体系相对开放性相关。庇荫关系促进了青帮逐渐适应近代社会的变迁的同时,也最终导致政府的合法性权威逐渐流失。     

Determinants of runaway episodes among adolescents using crisis shelter services

This study investigated youth and family factors associated with runaway episodes. Youth and family characteristics are described for adolescents utilising emergency shelter services in Texas and New York, and the study explored multivariate models to determine the individual and family effects on runaway recidivism. A convenience sample of 349 youth using runaway shelter services was recruited; 154 runaway youth from New York and 195 from Texas shelters participated. Adolescents completed several self-report measures; negative binomial regression analyses were conducted. Findings demonstrated that characteristics of adolescents and family factors are significant predictors of adolescents' runaway episodes when statistically controlling for region of the country. Social workers in emergency youth shelters and child welfare settings are in a unique position to develop effective strategies to meet the needs of this high-risk group of young people.